A’Kena LongBenton, ABD, EdS Wayne State University akenalong@aol.com

1. A Likely Pair: Engaging Technologies and Student Achievement Eighth Annual Conference on Teaching and LearningOakland University, Rochester, MIMay 14, 2014 A’Kena LongBenton, ABD, EdS Wayne State University akenalong@aol.com

2. Workshop Abstract Per J.D. Willms (2000), “…the theoretical literature argues that engagement and academic achievement go hand-in-hand” (p. 9 http://goo.gl/5Sf0hc). When instructors use technologies to teach and inform their instruction, then they will not become victims of shock when their students perhaps fail a course exam. Various technologies offer instructors a greater sense of certainty that they have taught their students the course content. Also, the below technologies allow instructors to determine how much their students know before the exam is given. Last, these technologies allow instructors an opportunity to innovatively assist their students in preparation for course exams.

3. Goals and Objectives • Share research literature on formative assessment and the technology debate • Actively participate in a real-time technology-based poll • Witness what the aforementioned technologies (Poll Everywhere, QuizBreak!, Quiz Revolution, StudyBlue, and SurveyMonkey) look like in practice. • Brainstorm how they will use at least one of the formative assessment interactive technologies • Observe how others will use these interactive technologies to improve student achievement

4. Online Slideshow & Questions Workshop Questions Technology Tool (available until June 14, 2014):http://todaysmeet.com/ctl Today’s Workshop Slides http://goo.gl/?????

5. Empowering Students to Learn via Formative Assessment • The goal of formative assessment is to monitor student learning to provide ongoing feedback that can be used by instructors to improve their teaching and by students to improve their learning. More specifically, formative assessments: • help students identify their strengths and weaknesses and target areas that need work • help faculty recognize where students are struggling and address problems immediately • Formative assessments are generally low stakes, which means that they have low or no point value. Examples of formative assessments include asking students to: • draw a concept map in class to represent their understanding of a topic • submit one or two sentences identifying the main point of a lecture • turn in a research proposal for early feedback

6. Formative Assessment Examples The following table highlights some formative assessments that are common in higher educational settings.

7. Audience Participation What formative assessment strategies do you implement in your classroom?

8. Technology Debate: Clark (1983) vs. Kozma (1994) • Clark’s Viewpoint: Teaching methods have the most influence on learning. Media is merely a delivery device and has no significant difference in the learning outcome. • From Clark’s meta-analysis he concluded that “studies clearly suggest that media do not influence learning under any conditions.” In the end, Clark calls for a halt to media comparison research. • Kozma’s Viewpoint: He viewed both the medium and method to have a crucial role in the design of instruction and on the student’s cognitive skills. Kozma argued that there is a relationship between the methods and media, which cannot be ignored.

9. Clark vs. Kozma Quotes Clark: “Media are mere vehicles that deliver instruction, but do not influence student achievement any more than the truck that delivers our groceries cause changes in our nutrition.” Kozma: “Clark’s separation of media from method creates an unnecessary and undesirable schism between medium and method. Both should have a more integral relationship.”

10. Interactive Activities Formative Assessment Animoto Video: http://goo.gl/AenhyR Poll Everywhere Survey: http://goo.gl/guKGO0

11. An Online Tutorial Screencast: http://goo.gl/FRpxmV

12. Benefits: • Multiple choice, open-ended, or T/F questions • Real-time survey results • Customize charts for the results • Student engagement • Up to 40 users per poll for FREE • Can use cell phone or laptop to enter responses • Can edit, stop, copy, or delete poll http://goo.gl/ijdSxc Web Address: http://www.polleverywhere.com/

13. Quizbreak! • Benefits: • FREE Jeopardy-style online quiz • Can include images and audio http://goo.gl/sE3nXv Web Address: http://clear.msu.edu/quizbreak/

14. Quiz Revolution • Benefits: • FREE tool that engages audience • Question analytics, e.g., how many answered it correctly • FB sharing component • Unlimited questions • T/F, multiple choice questions with image, text, or video options • Can provide feedback and/or set a time limit • Embed quizzes • http://goo.gl/1juBpG Web Address: http://www.quizrevolution.com/

15. Study Blue • Benefits: • FREE electronic flashcards can be sorted by • Hardest to easiest • In order • Least studied • Random • Wrong • Create a written review sheet • Group sharing opportunity • Great for short answer questions http://goo.gl/Nvm0ZR Web Address: http://www.studyblue.com/

16. Survey monkey • Benefits: • FREE survey designing tool • Multiple choice, open-ended, and/or T/F questions • Collect responses via web link or FaceBook • Analyze results http://goo.gl/aYqUnJ Web Address: https://www.surveymonkey.com/

17. Technologies Website http://akenalong.weebly.com/ Please see Technology Integration Pages.

18. Words of The technologies explored promote: active and independent learning; application; creativity; critical thinking; problem solving; student engagement; and reflection—not mere comprehension. Word of Caution: Soft skills need to be addressed when technologies are used, e.g., time management skills. There are countless technologies and distractions on the internet. If students are not instructor-guided and/or focused, then tons of unproductive hours can be spent on the web with no intellectual gains.

19. Audience Summary “What ideas, skills, and knowledge will you be able to take back and apply into their own practice and/or share with their colleagues?”

20. Departing Thoughts Hopefully, you have had an opportunity to be engaged via technologies and learn how engagement is often a precursor to student achievement. By participating in this workshop, perhaps you will re-envision engagement, achievement, and especially how your students can access your course content at “anytime, any place any pace” (Governor Rick Snyder, 2011, http://goo.gl/BJ4wEW).

21. Questions? Workshop Questions Technology Tool:http://todaysmeet.com/ctl

22. References • Carnegie Mellon University: • www.cmu.edu/teaching/assessment/basics/formative-summative.html • Florida Center for Instructional Technology: • http://fcit.usf.edu/assessment/basic/basica.html • Clark-Kozma Debate: • http://hansuk.wordpress.com/2010/02/08/based-on-kozma-clark-debate-what-is-your-position-regarding-how-media-affect-learning/ • http://dcmoffat71.wordpress.com/2013/04/17/clark-and-kozma-debate-is-it-still-relevant/ • http://design2instruct.wordpress.com/2011/11/07/clark-vs-kozma-the-debate-continues/ • http://stc.uws.edu.au/etext/debate.htm