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Global and Collective Dynamics at PHENIX

Global and Collective Dynamics at PHENIX. Takafumi Niida for the PHENIX Collaboration University of Tsukuba “Heavy Ion collisions in the LHC era” in Quy Nhon. outline. Introduction of v n H igher harmonic flow ( v n ) of Identified particle 2 particle correlations with v n

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Global and Collective Dynamics at PHENIX

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  1. Global and Collective Dynamics at PHENIX TakafumiNiida for the PHENIX Collaboration University of Tsukuba “Heavy Ion collisions in the LHC era” in QuyNhon

  2. outline • Introduction of vn • Higher harmonic flow (vn) of Identified particle • 2 particle correlations with vn • Azimuthal HBT w.r.t eventplane • Summary

  3. Higher harmonic event plane Ψ3 • Initial density fluctuations cause higher harmonic flow vn • Azimuthal distributionof emitted particles: Ψ2 Ψ4 Ψn: Higher harmonic event plane φ : Azimuthal angle of emitted particles

  4. vn measurement via Event plane method CNT: |h|<0.35 RXN in: 1.5<|h|<2.8 & out: 1.0<|h|<1.5 dN/d MPC: 3.1<|h|<3.7 BBC: 3.0<|h|<3.9 ZDC/SMD -5 0 5  Ψn: Determined by forward detector RXN φ : Measured at mid-rapidity

  5. Charged hadron vn at PHENIX PRL.107.252301 • v2 increases with increasing centrality, but v3 doesn’t • v3 is comparable to v2 in 0-10% • v4 has similar dependence to v2

  6. v3 breaks degeneracy PRL.107.252301 • v3 provides new constraint on hydro-model parameters • Glauber & 4πη/s=1 : works better • KLN & 4πη/s=2 : fails V2 V3

  7. Recent Results at PHENIX • vnofIdentified particle • 2 particle correlations with vn • Azimuthal HBT w.r.t event plane

  8. Motivation of PID vn • vn is sensitive probe to the QGP bulk property • Important to check the following features seen in v2 • Mass splitting at low pT • Baryon/Meson difference at mid pT • How is the scaling property of vn ?

  9. vnof Identified particle • Mass splitting at low pT: Hydrodynamics • Baryon/Meson difference at mid pT: Quark coalescence

  10. PID vnwith modified scaling • Known nqscaling fails in v3, v4 • Modified scaling works well for vn: vn(KET/nq)/nqn/2

  11. PID v2 athigh pT PRC.85.064914(2012) 0-20% 20-60% • Extend PID to high pT by combining TOF(MRPC) and Aerogel Cherenkov Counter • Quark number scaling is better for KET/nq than pT/nq • But it breaks at KET/nq~0.7GeV for non-central collisions

  12. Recent Results at PHENIX • vnof Identified particle • 2 particle correlations with vn • Azimuthal HBT w.r.t event plane

  13. Motivation of 2 particle correlations with vn Phys. Rev. C 78, 014901 (2008) Phys. Rev. C 80, 064912 (2009) ○:p+p ●: Au+Au • Ridge and Shouldercan be seen in Δφ-Δη correlation • Theycan be explained by vn ? • vn subtractions are needed to get real jet correlations 2< pTasso < pTtrigGeV/C v2 subtracted Ridge Shoulder Δφ

  14. 2 particle correlations with |Δη| gap • vn reproduce Ridge & Shoulder well in 0-5% QM’11 J. Jia ATLAS Flow Plenary Pb+Pb 2.76TeV

  15. 2 particle correlations without |Δη| gap Au+Au 200GeV 0-20% PHENIX PRELIMINARY • Most-central : Away side yield are suppressed • Mid-central : Away side yield still remain inc.γ-had. V2, V3 & V4(F4) ZYAM subtracted

  16. Recent Results at PHENIX • Particle Identified vn • 2 particle correlations with vn • Azimuthal HBT w.r.t event plane

  17. v2 Plane Motivation of Azimuthal HBT w.r.tv2 plane Initial spatial anisotropy (eccentricity) • Final eccentricity can be measured by azimuthal HBT • It depends on Initial eccentricity, pressure gradient, expansion time, and velocity profile etc • Good probe to investigate system evolution Δφ How is final eccentricity ? momentum anisotropyv2

  18. Azimuthal HBT radii for kaons • Observed oscillation for Rside, Rout, Ros • Final eccentricity is defined as εfinal= 2Rs,2 / Rs,0 PRC70, 044907 (2004) in-plane out-of-plane @WPCF2011

  19. Eccentricity at freeze-out @WPCF2011 PRC70, 044907 (2004) • εfinal≈ εinitial/2for pion • Indicates that source expands to in-plane direction, and still elliptical • PHENIX and STAR results are consistent • εfinal≈ εinitialfor kaon • Freeze-out time is faster than that of pion? • Due to different mT between π/K? εfinal= εinitial

  20. kT dependence of azimuthal pion HBT radii • Oscillation can be seen in Rs, Ro, and Rosfor each kT regions

  21. mT dependence of εfinal • εfinal of pions increases with mT in most/mid-central collisions • There is still difference between π/K even in same mT • But the difference is at most within 2 σ of systematic errors

  22. mT dependence of relative amplitude • Relative amplitude of Rout in 0-20% doesn’t depend on mT • Does it indicate emission duration between in-plane and out-of-plane is different ?

  23. Azimuthal HBT w.r.t v3 plane Initial spatial fluctuation(triangularity) momentum anisotropytriangular flow v3 • Final triangularitycould be observed by azimuthal HBT w.r.t v3 plane(Ψ3) if it exists at freeze-out • Detailed information on space-time evolution can be obtained • Analysis is ongoing

  24. Summary • vnof Identified particle • PID vn have been measured • Modified scaling vn(KET/nq)/nqn/2 works well for vn • Quaknumber scaling for v2 breaks at high pT in non-central collisions • 2 particle correlations with vn • Away side yield are suppressed in most central collisions, but still remain in non-central collisions • Azimuthal HBT w.r.tv2plane • εfinal increase with mT, while relative Rout,2 doesn’t depend on mTin central collisions • Difference of εfinalbetween π/K is seen even in same mT,but note it is within 2σ of sys. error

  25. Back up

  26. PID vnvscentralarity Same trends are seen in each centrality bins

  27. “v2 at high pT” vs centrality Scaling starts breaking at 10-20%

  28. mT dependence of azimuthal pion HBT radiiin 0-20%

  29. What is HBT ? • Quantum interference between identical two particles • Powerful tool to explore space-time evolution in HI collisions • HBT can measure the source size and shape at freeze-out,Not whole size But homogeneity region in expanding source P(p1) : Probability of detecting a particle P(p1,p2) : Probability of detecting pair particles assuming gaussian source detector 〜1/R detector

  30. 3D HBT radii • “Out-Side-Long” system • Bertsch-Pratt parameterization • Core-halo model • Particles in core are affected by coulomb interaction Beam Rlong detector detector Sliced view Rside Rlong: Longtudinal size Rside: Transverse size Rout: Transverse size + emission duration Ros: Cross term between Out and Side Rout

  31. The past HBT Results for charged pions and kaons • Centrality / mTdependence have been measured for pions and kaons • No significant difference between both species mT dependence centrality dependence

  32. Analysis method for HBT • Correlation function • Ratio of real and mixed q-distribution of pairs q: relative momentum • Correction of event plane resolution • U.Heinz et al, PRC66, 044903 (2002) • Coulomb correctionand Fitting • BySinyukov‘s fit function • Includingtheeffectoflonglivedresonancedecay

  33. Out 1D Inv 3D Side Long R.P R.P R.P R.P Correlation function for charged pions • Raw C2 for 30-60% centrality • Solid lines is fit functions

  34. Azimuthal HBT radii for pions • Observed oscillation for Rside, Rout, Ros • Rout in 0-10% has oscillation • Different emission duration between in-plane and out-of-plane? out-of-plane in-plane

  35. 1D Inv 3D Side Out Long R.P R.P R.P R.P Correlation function for charged kaons • Raw C2 for 20-60%

  36. STAR Result (w.r.t psi2) • PRL.93, 012301(2004)

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