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TOMASINO D. PADLA, JR., M.D.

TOMASINO D. PADLA, JR., M.D. The Skin. Disorders of Pigmentation and Melanocytes :. Vitiligo Freckle (Ephelis) Melasma Lentigo Melanocytic Nevus (Pigmented Nevus, Mole) Dysplastic Nevi Malignant Melanoma Diagnostic Criteria and Prognostic Attributes. Benign Epithelial Tumors:.

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TOMASINO D. PADLA, JR., M.D.

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  1. TOMASINO D. PADLA, JR., M.D.

  2. The Skin

  3. Disorders of Pigmentation and Melanocytes : • Vitiligo • Freckle (Ephelis) • Melasma • Lentigo • Melanocytic Nevus (Pigmented Nevus, Mole) • Dysplastic Nevi • Malignant Melanoma • Diagnostic Criteria and Prognostic Attributes

  4. Benign Epithelial Tumors: • Seborrheic Keratoses • Acanthosis Nigricans • Fibroepithelial Polyp • Epithelial Cyst (Wen) • Adnexal (Appendage) Tumors • Keratoacanthoma

  5. Premalignant and Malignant Epidermal Tumors: • Actinic Keratosis • Squamous Cell Carcinoma • Basal Cell Carcinoma • Merkel Cell Carcinoma • Molecular Genetics of Skin Cancers

  6. Tumors of the Dermis: • Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma (Dermatofibroma) • Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans • Xanthomas • Dermal Vascular Tumors

  7. Tumors of Cellular Immigrants to the skin: • Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis • Mycosis Fungoides (Cutaneous T-cell Lumphoma) • Mastocytosis Disorders of Epidermal Maturation: ● Ichthyosis

  8. Acute Inflammatory Dermatoses: • Urticaria • Acute Eczematous Dermatitis • Erythema Multiforme

  9. Chronic Inflammatory Dermatoses: • Psoriasis • Seborrheic Dermatitis • Lichen Planus • Lupus Erythematosus

  10. Blistering (Bullous) Diseases: • Pemphigus • Bullous Pemphigoid • Dermatitis Herpetiformis • Noninflammatory Blistering Diseases: Epydermolysis Bullosa, Porphyria

  11. Disorders of Epidermal Appendages: • Acne Vulgaris Panniculitis • Erythema Nodosum and Erythema Induratum

  12. Infection and Infestation • Verrucae (Warts) • Molluscum Contagiosum • Impetigo • Superficial Fungal Infections • Arthropod Bites, Stings, and Infestations

  13. Peripheral Nerve and Skeletal Muscle

  14. *Normal Peripheral Nerve * Normal Skeletal Muscle A. General Reactions of the Motor Unit 1. Segmental Demyelination 2. Axonal Degeneration and Muscle Fiber Atrophy 3. Nerve Regeneration and Reinnervation of Muscle 4. Reactions of the Muscle Fiber

  15. B. Diseases of Peripheral Nerve 1. Inflammatory Neuropathies * Immune-Mediated Neuropathies 2. Infectious Polyneuropathies * Leprosy * Diphtheria * Varicella-Zoster Virus 3. Hereditary Neuropathies * Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathy Type 1 * Other Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathies

  16. Cont….. 4. Acquired Metabolic and Toxic Neuropathies * Peripheral Neuropathy in Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus * Metabolic and Nutritional Peripheral Neuropathies * Neuropathies Associated with Malignancy * Toxic Neuropathies 5. Traumatic Neuropathies 6. Tumors of Peripheral Nerve C. Diseases of Skeletal Muscle 1. Denervation Atrophy * Spinal Muscular Atrophy (Infantile Motor Neuron Disease)

  17. Cont…… 2. Muscular Dystrophies * X-Linked Muscular Dystrophy (Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Becker Muscular Dystrophy) * Autosomal Muscular Dystrophies * Myotonic Dystrophy 3. Ion Channel Myopathies (Channelopathies) 4. Congenital Myopathies 5. Myopathies Associated with Inborn Errors of Metabolism * Lipid Myopathies * Mitochodrial Myopathies (Oxidative Phosphorylation Diseases)

  18. Cont…. 6. Inflammatory Myopathies * Noninfectious Inflammatory Myopathies 7. Toxic Myopathies * Thyrotoxic Myopathy * Ethanol Myopathy * Drug-Induced Myopathies 8. Diseases of the Neuromuscular Junction * Myasthenia Gravis * Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome 9. Tumors of Skeletal Muscle

  19. Bones, Joints & Soft Tissue

  20. A. Bones • 1. Bone Modeling and Remodeling • 2. Bone Growth and Development • 3. Developmental (Genetic) and Acquired Abnormalities in Bone Cells, Matrix, and Structure • 3.1 Malformations and Diseases Caused by Defects in Nuclear Proteins and Transcription Factors • 3.2 Diseases Caused by Defects in Hormones and Signal Transduction Mechanisms • 3.3 Diseases Associated with Defects in Extracellula Structural Proteins • * Type 1 Collagen Diseases (Osteogenesis Imperfecta) • * Type 2,10, and 11 Collagen Diseases

  21. Cont……. • 3.4 Diseases Associated with Defects in Folding and Degradation of Macromolecules • * Mucopolysaccharidoses • 3.5 Diseases Associated with Defects in Metabolic Pathways (Enzymes, Ion Channels, and Transporters) • * Osteopetrosis • 3.6 Diseases Associated with Decreased Bone Mass • * Osteoporosis • 3.7 Diseases Caused by Osteoclast Dysfunction • * Paget Disease (Osteitis Deformans)

  22. Cont…. • 3.8 Diseases Associated with Abnormal Mineral Homeostasis • * Rickets and Osteomalacia • * Hyperparathyroidism • * Renal Osteodystrophy • 4. Fractures • 5. Osteonecrosis (Avascular Necrosis) • 6. Infections-Osteomyelitis • 6.1 Pyogenic Osteomyelitis • 6.2 Tuberculous Osteomyelitis • 6.3 Skeletal Syphilis • 7. Bone Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions • 7.1 Bone-Forming Tumors • * Osteoma • * Osteoid Osteoma and Osteoblastoma • * Osteosarcoma

  23. Cont……. • 7.2 Cartilage-Forming Tumors • * Osteochondroma • * Chondromas • * Chondroblastoma • * Chondromyxoid Fibroma • * Chondrosarcoma • 7.3 Fibrous and Fibro-Osseous Tumors • * Fibrous Cortical Defect and Nonossifying • Fibroma • * Fibrous Dysplasia • * Fibrosarcoma and Malignant Fibrous • Histiocytoma • 8. Miscellaneous Tumors • 8.1 Ewing Sarcoma and Primitive • Neuroectodermal Tumor (PNET) • 8.2 Giant Cell Tumor • 8.3 Metastatic Disease

  24. B. Joints • 1. Arthritis • 1.1 Osteoarthritis • 1.2 Rheumatoid Arthritis • 1.3 Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis • 1.4 Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • * Ankylosing Spondyloarthritis • * Reactive Arthritis • * Psoriatic Arthritis • 1.5 Infectious Arthritis • * Suppurative Arthritis • * Tuberculous Arthritis • * Lyme Arthritis • * Viral Arthritis • 1.6 Gout and Gouty Arthritis

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