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Chapter 9

Chapter 9. Critical Thinking and Creative Problem Solving. C H A P T E R. 9. Critical Thinking and Creative Problem Solving. In Chapter 9 You Will Learn. To prepare your mind for problem solving The importance of critical thinking Common fallacies and errors in judgment

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Chapter 9

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  1. Chapter 9 Critical Thinking and Creative Problem Solving

  2. C H A P T E R 9 Critical Thinking and Creative Problem Solving In Chapter 9 You Will Learn • To prepare your mind for problem solving • The importance of critical thinking • Common fallacies and errors in judgment • How to use problem solving for mathematics and science continued

  3. C H A P T E R 9 Critical Thinking and Creative Problem Solving In Chapter 9 You Will Learn • How to overcome math anxiety • The importance of creativity in problem solving

  4. See yourself having many creative ideas. You are aware, alive, and alert. You view problems as opportunities and challenges to gain confidence and test your problem-solving strategies. You make decisions easily, but with care, and learn from your mistakes. You are looking forward with enthusiasm. See yourself having many creative ideas.

  5. 9 Success Principle 9 Focus on DECISION MAKING, not snap judgments.

  6. Preparing Your Mind for Problem Solving • Have a positive attitude. • Use critical thinking. • Persistence pays off.

  7. Figure 9.1 Critical Thinking Qualities Attributes of a Critical Thinker ……………………………………………. • Willingness to ask pertinent questions and assess statements and arguments • Ability to suspend judgment and tolerate ambiguity • Ability to admit a lack of information or understanding • Curiosity and interest in seeking new solutions • Ability to clearly define a set of criteria for analyzing ideas • Willingness to examine beliefs, assumptions, and opinions against facts

  8. “ The core of critical thinking is having…healthy skepticism and using suspended judgment. ” —John Dewy, author How We Think

  9. Common Errors in Judgment The following errors in judgment interfere with critical thinking: • Stereotypes • Snap judgments • Unwarranted assumptions continued

  10. cont’d Common Errors in Judgment • Projection • The halo effect • Sweeping generalizations

  11. Problem-Solving Strategies for Math and Science Classes • Define the problem. • Gather information and facts. • Go from the general to the specific. • Develop a plan. continued

  12. cont’d Problem-Solving Strategies for Math and Science Classes • Make connections. • Be flexible and creative. • Take a break. • Begin with the easiest problem.

  13. Graphic Organizer Gathering Information and Facts What is being asked? What do I know? What do I need to know? How do I set up this problem? What is my hypothesis? What is my theory? Scientists ask themselves What are the main points? What are the relationships? What formulas, calculations, and constructions will be helpful? What theories, principles, or research will help me with this problem? What am I trying to find out? What factors will influence the outcome?

  14. Overcoming Math Anxiety Computers can tutor you in math and help you become more familiar with the formulas, theorems, and applications. continued

  15. cont’d Overcoming Math Anxiety Practicing will improve your math skills and ease your anxiety.

  16. If you have a case of anxiety over taking a required math class, try enrolling in a summer refresher course. You’ll be prepared and confident when you later take the required course.

  17. Assessment and Review • Summarize the problem in your own words. • Evaluate by going through each step. • Practice and be persistent by being disciplined and focused.

  18. Practice problems and keep up with assignments. Working with a study partner is a great way to understand and practice math. Use creativity strategies to think outside the box.

  19. Creativity Creativity is thinking of something different and using new approaches to solve problems. continued

  20. cont’d Creativity Your attitudes can form mental blocks that keep you from being creative. continued

  21. cont’d Creativity The following ten strategies will help you to unlock your mind’s natural creativity: • Use games, puzzles, and humor. continued

  22. cont’d Creativity • Challenge the rules. • Brainstorm. • Work to change mind-sets. • Change your routine. • Allow failure. • Expect to be creative. continued

  23. cont’d Creativity • Support, acknowledge, and reward creativity. • Use both sides of the brain. • Keep a journal.

  24. Try not to let your previous experience influence your expectations on how to solve a new problem.

  25. Creative Problem-Solving Techniques • Act it out. • Move it around. • Picture it. • Take it apart. • Translate and summarize. continued

  26. cont’d Creative Problem-Solving Techniques • Simplify. • Estimate. • Work with a partner. • Ask questions. • Sleep on it.

  27. Create a positive attitude.

  28. Ask questions.

  29. Go from general to specific.

  30. Make connections.

  31. Be flexible and creative.

  32. Evaluate.

  33. Practice and be persistent.

  34. Brainstorm.

  35. End of Chapter 9 Critical Thinking and Creative Problem Solving

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