Agenda

1. Agenda • To Do: • Opener – you will need half sheet of paper • Louis the XIV and Ballet • Spanish Baroque Visual Art • Architecture Reading • Exit Slip Questions – use your notes! A4 – sit where the chairs are arranged. Don’t move them! I want you spaced out.

2. Opener Part 1 – Baroque Music(on your own paper, leave in your opener section) • Identify the name and composer of each song 1.) 2.) 3.)

3. Opener Part II 4. Name the piece and the artist who sculpted it. • 5. Name the piece and the artist who sculpted it.

4. 6. Name the piece and the artist who painted it. • 7. Name the piece and the artist who painted it.

5. 8. Name the piece and the artist who painted it. What is significant about this artist?

6. Ballet & Louis XIV the “Sun King” development during the Baroque Period

7. Ballet • Is a play in dance form in which music also plays a major part in telling a story or conveying a mood. • Western ballet as we know it today first appeared in Renaissance Italy, where it was used as entertainment for the royalty in between opera acts.

8. Ballet • Catherine de' Medici took it to France in the form of a show combining singing, dancing, and declamation. • During the 18th century there were major developments in technique and ballet gradually became divorced from opera, emerging as an art form in its own right.

9. History • The first important dramatic ballet was produced in 1581. • It was performed by male courtiers (members of the court), with ladies of the court forming the corps de ballet (group of dancers who are not soloists).

10. History • In 1661 Louis XIV founded the Académie Royale de Danse. All subsequent ballet activities throughout the world can be traced to this academy.

11. History • The dancers wore long, flowing court dresses until the 1720s when the first great ballerina shortened her skirt to reveal her ankles, allowing greater movement. During the 18th century ballet spread to virtually every major capital in Europe. http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0003074.html

12. Louis XIV the “Sun King” Louis XIV was born in 1638. He was only five when he became king on the death of his father, Louis XIII. His mother held the regency while he grew up. Louis XIV at ten years of age

13. Louis and Ballet • The young king made his ballet debut as a boy, but it was in 1653 that he accomplished his most memorable feat as a dancer. • He performed Le Ballet de la Nuit and for his final piece he appeared as Apollo. Wearing a fancy kilt of golden rays he came to be known as the Sun King. www.royalcollection.org.uk/egallery/images/collection_large/913071.jpg

14. Pierre Beauchamps, one of the most famous "fathers" of ballet, was "superintendent of the king's ballets“. Louis and Ballet He has been given credit for standardizing the five foot positions of ballet, (first through fifth positions). DO THEM! AGAIN!

15. Louis and Ballet • The ballet master he imported from Italy was Giovanni Baptista Lulli, who was rechristened Jean Baptiste Lully In 1661 Louis established the Académie Royale de Danse in a room of the Louvre.

16. Louis and Ballet • In 1669 Louis XIV established the Académie Royale de Musique for Lully to run. • In 1670 once he was past his physical prime, the king retired from dancing, allowing other, better dancers to take lead roles.

17. Lully’s Ballet In 1672 Lully established a dance academy within the Académie Royale de Musique. This dance company survives today as the ballet of the Paris Opera - the world's oldest continuously running ballet company.

18. Lully’s Ballet • Lully's seriousness towards the study of dance led to the development of professional dancers as opposed to courtiers who could dance.

19. Lully’s Ballet • In 1687 Lully died from an injury he received by accidentally stabbing his foot with his time marking stick. • At this time, ballet was normally performed in the same productions as opera, a theatrical form known as opéra-ballet.

20. Choreography In 1700 Choréographie, ou l'art de décrire la danse (Choreography, or the Art of Writing Dance) was published by Raoul Auger Feuillet. In this book he attempted to create a dance notation similar to music. Although this notation was never finalized and standardized, it is the system that is still in use today as no other system has been developed.

21. Choreography • The word choréographie gives us the English word choreography and is derived from the greek khorea, (to dance), and graphein, (to write).

22. Academies -state-sponsored schools -trained artists and performers -set standards of taste -based on Plato’s academy -imposed conservative rules on the arts

23. Theater • Controlled by academy • 5 acts • Obey unity of time/place • Uplifting moral • Jean Racine • Moliere • Tartuffe

24. Spanish Baroque Visual Art

25. El Greco “The Greek” • 1541-1614 • painter • Domenikos Theotocopoulos • Trained in Venice, Italy • Applied Renaissance technique to intense religiosity • The Burial of Count Orgaz

26. The Burial of Count Orgaz

27. Diego Velazquez • 1599-1660 • Master painter at age 18 • realism through bold color/brushwork • Painted images directly, no outlines • Only well-known Spanish Baroque artist • Las Meninas (Maids of Honor) • Triangular composition • Use of light

28. Las Meninas

29. Baroque Architecture Reading

30. Review/Exit Slip • Under Louis the XIV, who developed a school for the arts such as dance and drama? • Which palace of Louis the XIV is now the most famous museum in the world? • St. Paul’s Cathedral, in London, is a mix of what three architecture styles? • In what country is the Palace of Versailles located? • What did the ground plan of Escorial Palace, in Spain, represent? • In what country did ballet first appear?

32. Beginning of Neoclassical Art -rules for art -based on classical forms -1600 to 1700’s -France and England

33. Jean Racine -1639-1699 -tragedy -rhymed verse -stories from Greek tragedy -criticized for being too realistic

34. Moliere – Jean-Baptiste Poquelin -1622-1673 -comedy -used wit to attack hypocrisy/vice of French society -performed at the Louvre and Versailles -Tartuffe -story of a religious hypocrite