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Divisive Politics of Slavery

Divisive Politics of Slavery. Chapter 4 Section 1. Compromise of 1850. Pleased the South. California admitted as free state. More effective Fugitive Slave law No trial by jury $1,000 fine and 6 mos. Imprisonment Fugitive slaves no longer safe in U.S., went to Canada. Pleased the North.

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Divisive Politics of Slavery

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  1. Divisive Politics of Slavery Chapter 4 Section 1

  2. Compromise of 1850 Pleased the South California admitted as free state More effective Fugitive Slave law No trial by jury $1,000 fine and 6 mos. Imprisonment Fugitive slaves no longer safe in U.S., went to Canada Pleased the North

  3. Popular Sovereignty • Debate over the extension of slavery into the territories widened the rift between North and South • Threats of succession by the South increased • Secession-formal withdrawel of a state from the Union • Popular Sovereignty • Introduced by Stephen Douglas • Part of Compromise of 1850 • The right of states do decide for themselves whether to accept or reject slavery

  4. Underground Railroad • System of escape routes set up by a secret network of abolitionists to bring slaves to freedom • Harriet Tubman-slave who “conducted” over 300 slaves to freedom in the North

  5. Uncle Tom’s Cabin-1852 • Book describing the moral struggle of slave life in the South • Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe ( who had never been in the South) • Read by the general public who had their first glimpse of slave life, fired up the abolitionists

  6. Bleeding Kansas-1855 • Missouri Compromise made slavery illegal in Kansas and Nebraska • Compromise of 1850-by introducing concept of popular sovereignty, Congress forced to make an agreement (Kansas-Nebraska Act) that Nebraska would be kept free, Kansas could decide for itself • Both slave and free men fled to Kansas to vote; violence broke out • Two rival governments set up, one slave, the other free

  7. New Republican Party-1856 • Coalition of many parties (former anti-slavery Whigs, Know-Nothings who were anti-immigrant but also against extending slavery into territories ,Free-Soilers who were against extending slavery into territories but also for preventing blacks from moving into their communities and taking their jobs; and the Liberty Party who were abolitionists.) • Opposed the extension of slavery into the territories

  8. Dred Scott Decision-1857 • Dred Scott-slave whose owner took him into free territory (Wisconsin and Illinois) then back to Missouri • Sued for freedom because he had been in a free territory • Decision: • Could not sue in federal court because he was not a citizen (he was property) • Being in a free state does not make a slave free becauseslaves are property and property is protected under the Fifth Amendment

  9. Lincoln-Douglas Debates • Both men from Illinois and running for the Illinois Senate seat in 1858 • Lincoln • No extension of slavery into the territories • Slavery immoral • Douglas • Popular sovereignty

  10. Harper’s Ferry-1859 • Abolitionist John Brown takes over an arsenal at Harper’s Ferry to try to incite slave uprisings around the country • Fails • John Brown hanged

  11. Election of 1860 • Four candidates; Democratic Party split over slavery • Abraham Lincoln wins with 39.9% of the votes • Lincoln’s victory seen as vote against the South • Seven states secede from the Union and form the Confederate States of America. The Confederacy with Jefferson Davis as president

  12. Confederate States of America Four more States se- Ceded After Fort Sumter= Total # of Confeder- Ate states 11

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