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Water as a Solvent: Properties and pH

This reading explores the behavior of water as a solvent and its role in maintaining a cell's temperature. It covers the concept of solvents and solutes, the rule of "like dissolves like," the unique properties of water, ionization and hydrogen bonding, and the concept of pH.

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Water as a Solvent: Properties and pH

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  1. LEQ: How does water behave as a solvent? Reading 32.1, 2.3 Activator: connecting concepts When sugars are broken down to produce usable carbon and energy for cells, a large amount of heat is released. Explain how the water inside a cell helps to keep the cell’s temperature constant. Key terms – solution, pH

  2. solution Compounds with a partial or full electric charge can dissolve in water. • Solutions: • Solvents dissolve other substances. • Solutes dissolve in a solvent.

  3. Solvent rules: “Like dissolves like.” Polar solvents dissolve polar solutes Hydrophilic: “water-loving”

  4. Nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes: • Polar and nonpolar separate • hydrophobic – “water-fearing”

  5. Water’s unique properties allow it move and store heat in solution. • Movement provides thermal energy • Charges create an electric field (think static). • Water molecules ionize!

  6. Hydrogen bonds are organized into networks. • Proton-hopping: • Moves proton through network • Sensitive to acids, bases

  7. pure water pH 7 • Pure water is a neutral solution: • Water associating and dissociating is proportional • pH of 7.0 (the occasional “hop”) • Low reactivity

  8. stomach acid pH between 1 and 3 more acidic Some compounds release or accept protons in solution. • pH measures conc. of H+ in sol’n inversely • acids donate H+ in water. • Increases proton-hopping (reactivity) • pH drops as H+ increases

  9. bile pH between 8 and 9 more basic • A base removes hydrogen ions from a solution. • Accepts hopping protons, removes others • H+ drops • pH greater than 7

  10. Summary: • The most important thing: • What was the important thing that you learned about water today? • 2nd…. • 3rd….. • Explain the concept of proton-hopping. How does this relate to the concept of pH?

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