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Food Chains, Food Webs, and the Transfer of Energy

Food Chains, Food Webs, and the Transfer of Energy. How are organisms classified in an ecosystem? What they eat or how they get their food (producers, consumers, and decomposers). Do Now. Complete the table below:. Feeding Interactions between organism – Energy Flow and the Food Chain

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Food Chains, Food Webs, and the Transfer of Energy

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  1. Food Chains, Food Webs, and the Transfer of Energy

  2. How are organisms classified in an ecosystem? What they eat or how they get their food (producers, consumers, and decomposers).

  3. Do Now • Complete the table below:

  4. Feeding Interactions between organism – Energy Flow and the Food Chain Energyflows through an ecosystem in one directionfrom the sun or inorganic compounds to autotrophs (producers) and then to heterotrophs(consumers)

  5. Food Chain—series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten. Start with producer and end with top consumer or carnivore **The sun is the initial source of energy for food chains. eagle FOOD CHAINS Keep in mind that the arrow tip always points towards the “eater”. The direction of how energy is transferred. . snake frog eater grass- hopper grass food

  6. Food Chains • Question: Which direction does the arrow points ? • Answer: It points to the direction of the energy transfer, NOT “what ate what” • Question: What is the primary source of energy for life on earth? • Answer: The Sun

  7. FOOD CHAINS Broken down into producers and consumers. eagle cannot Since they _______ make their own food, they must eat or “________” other organisms. snake consume frog basis They form the _____ of almost all food chains. grass- hopper They use the energy in _______ to make their own food sunlight grass through a process called _____________. photosynthesis

  8. FOOD CHAINS Top carnivore: any organism that is __________ by any other. not hunted top There are different levels of consumers….. It’s at the ___ of its food chain. quaternary consumer eagle The ___ consumer in a food chain. It eats ________________. 4th tertiary consumers snake tertiary consumer The ___ consumer in a food chain. It eats __________________. 3rd secondary consumers secondary consumer frog 2nd The ___ consumer in a food chain. It eats ________________. primary consumers grass- hopper primary consumer 1st The ___ consumer in a food chain. It eats _________. producers grass

  9. All organisms eventually die and decompose. FOOD CHAINS eagle is the ___________ and _____________ of dead organisms. Detritus: waste matter rotting remains snake Decomposers: are organisms that ___ _______ and break it down into ________. frog eat detritus detritus grass- hopper nutrients decomposers grass are substances needed for an organism’s ______ and _____. Nutrients: The cycle restarts. nutrients growth repair

  10. Let’s THINK What would happen if there were no decomposers?

  11. HUMANS AND FOOD CHAINS Have you ever eaten one of these? What food chains did you participate in when you ate this? What is it made of? beef wheat tomato cheese onion lettuce

  12. No ecosystem is made up of only one food chain. Most organisms eat more than JUST one organism. FOOD WEBS When you connect all the food chains of different organisms from one ecosystem together, you form _______________.

  13. Create a Food Web Create a food web for each of the following habitats. • Standing water ecosystem (pond) • Plankton • Dragonflies • Frogs • Bass • Mosquito • Eagle • Sunfish

  14. What are Trophic Levels? • Energy moves from one organism to another when it is eaten • Each step in this transfer of energy is known as a trophic level

  15. TROPHIC LEVELS It is the position an organism occupies in a food chain. Each link in the chain represents one tropic level. The first trophic level starts with the producers. eagle 5th trophic level shark snake 4th trophic level larger fish frog 3rd trophic level small fish grass- hopper zooplankton 2nd trophic level grass phytoplankton 1st trophic level

  16. TROPHIC LEVELS As organisms eat one another, energyis transferred up the food chain. Only about 10% of the available energy within a trophic level is transferred to the next higher trophic level eagle 0.1 kcal - 0.9 kcal 1 kcal snake - 9 kcal This 10% is used to build biomass as well as to provide energy for bodily functions 10 kcal frog - 90 kcal grass- hopper This means that 90% of the energy is lost, 100 kcal energy mostly in the form of detritus and as heat used in metabolic processes. - 900 kcal grass 1000 kcal

  17. With your group, pick one food chain for your habitat and create a trophic level.Assume you begin with 1500 kilocalories. How many calories of energy will the top consumer receive?

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