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Homework: read p.136-142 and do p.142 #9, 13

Homework: read p.136-142 and do p.142 #9, 13 (9) Describe the disruption in the meiotic process that would cause: a) ANEUPLOIDY b ) POLYPLOIDY c ) DELETION d ) a TRANSLOCATION

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Homework: read p.136-142 and do p.142 #9, 13

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  1. Homework: read p.136-142 and do p.142 #9, 13 (9) Describe the disruption in the meiotic process that would cause: a) ANEUPLOIDY b) POLYPLOIDY c) DELETION d) a TRANSLOCATION a) ANEUPLOIDY results from a disruption in meiosis called nondisjunction. Either both homologs have migrated to one pole together during meiosis I or both chromatids have migrated to one pole in meiosis II. In either case, this nondisjunctions will result in a gamete with an abnormal number of chromosomes (22 or 24 in humans, for instance). b) POLYPLOIDY results when nondisjunction has involved all of the chromosomes. In this way, a gamete produced may contain a complete extra set of chromosomes. Following fertilization, the zygote involving one of these gametes could be triploid (69 chromosomes in humans). c) DELETION and TRANSLOCATIONS result from mistakes in the crossing over process. For example, if a small piece of the #4 chromosome breaks off and mistakenly reattaches to the #6 chromosome, then the #4 chromosome has a deletion and the #6 chromosome has a translocation. Although the gametes that are produced in meiosis may appear to have the correct number of chromosomes, they may have missing genetic information.

  2. (13) Geneticists can intentionally disrupt the meiotic process in plants and animals to produce new mutations or abnormal chromosome numbers in the sex cells of these organisms. The intent is to produce a new organism that possesses a new desirable combination of traits. Should scientists be tampering with life in this manner? Should consideration be given to the type of organism that undergoes this manipulation? In paragraph form, outline two advantages and two disadvantages that could result from this type of research. Support your statements with research. Discuss Issue of sanctity of life and playing "god" with living organisms. Possible arguments: • We have the knowledge and ability to alter plants and animals in this way and thus have the right to do so • We have no right to potentially alter the evolution of those organisms around us. • It's okay to manipulate simple organisms (ex. Bacteria) but not complex (ex. Humans) • Good to improve livestock/food supply • Bad because may cause extinction

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