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The alkenes – another family of hydrocarbons

The alkenes – another family of hydrocarbons. Cracking. Crude oil is mixture of molecules (hydrocarbons) called the alkanes. Most of the alkanes are used as fuels (burning). The larger alkane molecules are difficult to burn so are of little use.

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The alkenes – another family of hydrocarbons

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  1. The alkenes – another family of hydrocarbons

  2. Cracking Crude oil is mixture of molecules (hydrocarbons) called the alkanes. • Most of the alkanes are used as fuels (burning). • The larger alkane molecules are difficult to burn so are of little use. However, these larger alkanes can be turned into useful molecules if they are CRACKED (broken). heat Large alkane Small alkane + Alkene catalyst

  3. Alkenes are unsaturated Alkenes are called unsaturated because they have one carbon=carbon double bond.

  4. Cracking conditions

  5. Cracking – An example C10H22 C8H18 C2H4 + Decane Octane Ethene Petrol Make plastics Not useful

  6. Testing for an alkane and an alkene 1. Add bromine water Alkane Alkene Both are colourless

  7. Testing for an alkane and an alkene 2. Bromine water forms a layer below hydrocarbon Alkane Alkene

  8. Testing for an alkane and an alkene 3. Bromine water decolourises when shaken with alkene Alkane Alkene

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