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Qualitative Research for Understanding Patient Preferences and Clinical Recommendations

Learn about the goal, types, characteristics, and sampling strategies of qualitative research, as well as methods to ensure trustworthiness. Explore various traditions in nursing research and discover how qualitative studies can benefit nurse researchers in identifying patient needs, designing interventions, and improving implementation.

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Qualitative Research for Understanding Patient Preferences and Clinical Recommendations

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  1. Chapter 14 Qualitative Questions and Procedures

  2. Qualitative Research as Evidence for Practice Qualitative studies are best for identifying patient preferences, aggregating clinician experiences, and for identifying trends in the recommendations of clinical experts.

  3. Goal of Qualitative Inquiry Identify the meaning of a phenomenon, event or experience for an individual

  4. Types of Qualitative Research • Descriptive qualitative study • Used for exploratory questions • Establish basic knowledge • Interpretive qualitative study • Used to extract meaning • Emphasizes process and context in understanding an experience

  5. Characteristics of Qualitative Designs • Emergent design • Data gathered directly from informants, through observation, or from documents • Questions that reflect exploration of perceptions • Constant comparison analysis

  6. Constructivist Research Research that is applied to discover the meaning and interpretations of events, phenomena, or experiences by studying cases intensively in natural settings and by subjecting data to analytic interpretation.

  7. Qualitative Sampling Strategies • Purposeful sampling strategy - Informants chosen who can best inform the question • Stratification purposive sampling inclusion criteria • Snowball sampling - Participants identify potential participants • Extreme case sampling • Saturation - No new information is generated

  8. Data Collection Methods • Constant comparison - Emergent analytic process that evolves - Coding units of meaning into themes - Field notes – detailed descriptions

  9. Trustworthiness Characteristics • Credibility • Confirmability • Dependability • Transferability Qualitative data is based on trustworthiness rather than reliability and validity.

  10. Methods to Assure Trustworthiness • Bracketing • Triangulation • Prolonged engagement • Member checking • Use of informant’s words in reporting results • Audit trail • Reflexivity

  11. Types of Triangulation • Data source triangulation • Investigator triangulation • Theory triangulation • Method triangulation

  12. Most Common Traditions in Nursing • Case research methods • Content analysis • Phenomenology • Ethnography • Grounded theory

  13. Qualitative Studies Qualitative studies can help nurse researchers: • Identify the needs of a target population • Design interventions that are most likely to be acceptable to patients • Address the process and implementation issues associated with an intervention • Improve the understanding of the impact of an intervention in a natural setting

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