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Earthquakes

Earthquakes. 5.1. Popsicle Activity. EXPERIMENT by Holding the popsicle stick on each side with both hands. Slowly bend it into an arch. Release pressure and OBSERVE. Repeat steps 1 and 2, but continue to bend towards one another. ANALYZE. What do you conclude?.

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Earthquakes

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  1. Earthquakes 5.1

  2. Popsicle Activity • EXPERIMENT by Holding the popsicle stick on each side with both hands. • Slowly bend it into an arch. • Release pressure and OBSERVE. • Repeat steps 1 and 2, but continue to bend towards one another. ANALYZE. What do you conclude?

  3. Alka-Seltzer in balloon activity • Place 1 Alka-Seltzer tablet in a balloon. • Pour in 1 cup vinegar. • Tie balloon and OBSERVE. Analyze your data. What do you conclude?

  4. Earthquakes stress • Are formed by ______________, or a force acting on a rock to change or deform it. • A _________ along a plate boundary is a break in the Earth’s__________. Crust Mantle Core fault

  5. Boundaries • Transform • STRESS – Shearing (like scissors) • FAULT – Strike-slip • Example – San Andreas Fault, CA

  6. San Andreas Fault

  7. Plateau Boundaries • Convergent • STRESS – Compression • FAULT – Reverse • Example – Appalachian Mountains Hanging Wall Foot Wall

  8. Appalachian Mountains

  9. Boundaries • Divergent • STRESS – Tension • FAULT – normal • Example – Rio Grande Rift Valley Hanging Wall Foot Wall

  10. Rio Grande

  11. Folds • Not a crack or break, but a bend • Anticline – Top • Syncline – Bottom • Example – Black Hills of South Dakota Draw here

  12. Mt. Rushmore

  13. Earthquakes 5.2 Measurement

  14. Slinky activity

  15. Waves Primary • P Waves – • S Waves – • Surface Waves - Secondary Surface

  16. Travels epicenter fault focus

  17. “Rating” Machines effects • Mercalli – • Richter – • Moment Magnitude Scale – intensity energy

  18. Data Analysis • See overhead

  19. Recording Station and Epicenters • Gizmos • www.explorelearning.com • LAB – 5 points

  20. Hazards and Safety 5.3 Pgs 74-77F

  21. Earthquake Damage • S waves • Severe shaking damages or destroys buildings, bridges, utility poles gas and water pipes, etc • Landslides, avalanches, or tsunamis (distance wide, height short) • Fires and floods

  22. Soil • Solid rock better than sand • Liquification – loose soil turns to mud

  23. Safe Building • Stronger and more flexible • Location • steep slope? Fault? • Reinforce walls (see teacher example) • Anchored to ground • Base-Isolated – rests on shock absorbers “Shake not Break” • Flexible joints • Automatic shut-off valves • Fixed-Based -

  24. In an Earthquake • Stay away from falling debris • Drop, cover, hold • Outside – open area • Earthquake kit

  25. “Preparedness Now” http://www.shakeout.org/downloads/PreparednessNow_50mb_081107.mov

  26. USGSCAL EMA • http://www.shakeout.org/drill/

  27. Review

  28. Earthquake Proof Room • 16 points • Draw and label 4 stay safe solutions • Par. Describing • Earthquake • Dangers • Why you chose the solutions • Neat scholarly, scale

  29. Earthquake Proof Structure • Rubric “Shake, Rattle and Roll”

  30. Study Guide • MC wkst • Reverse crossword • Pgs 84-85F

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