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Earthquakes. 5.1. Popsicle Activity. EXPERIMENT by Holding the popsicle stick on each side with both hands. Slowly bend it into an arch. Release pressure and OBSERVE. Repeat steps 1 and 2, but continue to bend towards one another. ANALYZE. What do you conclude?.
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Earthquakes 5.1
Popsicle Activity • EXPERIMENT by Holding the popsicle stick on each side with both hands. • Slowly bend it into an arch. • Release pressure and OBSERVE. • Repeat steps 1 and 2, but continue to bend towards one another. ANALYZE. What do you conclude?
Alka-Seltzer in balloon activity • Place 1 Alka-Seltzer tablet in a balloon. • Pour in 1 cup vinegar. • Tie balloon and OBSERVE. Analyze your data. What do you conclude?
Earthquakes stress • Are formed by ______________, or a force acting on a rock to change or deform it. • A _________ along a plate boundary is a break in the Earth’s__________. Crust Mantle Core fault
Boundaries • Transform • STRESS – Shearing (like scissors) • FAULT – Strike-slip • Example – San Andreas Fault, CA
Plateau Boundaries • Convergent • STRESS – Compression • FAULT – Reverse • Example – Appalachian Mountains Hanging Wall Foot Wall
Boundaries • Divergent • STRESS – Tension • FAULT – normal • Example – Rio Grande Rift Valley Hanging Wall Foot Wall
Folds • Not a crack or break, but a bend • Anticline – Top • Syncline – Bottom • Example – Black Hills of South Dakota Draw here
Earthquakes 5.2 Measurement
Waves Primary • P Waves – • S Waves – • Surface Waves - Secondary Surface
Travels epicenter fault focus
“Rating” Machines effects • Mercalli – • Richter – • Moment Magnitude Scale – intensity energy
Data Analysis • See overhead
Recording Station and Epicenters • Gizmos • www.explorelearning.com • LAB – 5 points
Hazards and Safety 5.3 Pgs 74-77F
Earthquake Damage • S waves • Severe shaking damages or destroys buildings, bridges, utility poles gas and water pipes, etc • Landslides, avalanches, or tsunamis (distance wide, height short) • Fires and floods
Soil • Solid rock better than sand • Liquification – loose soil turns to mud
Safe Building • Stronger and more flexible • Location • steep slope? Fault? • Reinforce walls (see teacher example) • Anchored to ground • Base-Isolated – rests on shock absorbers “Shake not Break” • Flexible joints • Automatic shut-off valves • Fixed-Based -
In an Earthquake • Stay away from falling debris • Drop, cover, hold • Outside – open area • Earthquake kit
“Preparedness Now” http://www.shakeout.org/downloads/PreparednessNow_50mb_081107.mov
USGSCAL EMA • http://www.shakeout.org/drill/
Earthquake Proof Room • 16 points • Draw and label 4 stay safe solutions • Par. Describing • Earthquake • Dangers • Why you chose the solutions • Neat scholarly, scale
Earthquake Proof Structure • Rubric “Shake, Rattle and Roll”
Study Guide • MC wkst • Reverse crossword • Pgs 84-85F