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World War I Part 2. Names Change…. Triple Alliance Germany Austria-Hungary Italy “ Central Powers ” and added: Bulgaria Ottoman-Turks. Triple Entente France Great Britain Russia “ Allies ” and added: Japan Italy Later, the USA. “The Powder Keg of Europe”.
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Names Change… • Triple Alliance • Germany • Austria-Hungary • Italy “Central Powers” and added: Bulgaria Ottoman-Turks • Triple Entente • France • Great Britain • Russia “Allies” and added: Japan Italy Later, the USA
“The Powder Keg of Europe” • The Balkans is an area that had broken away from the Ottoman Empire. • It was full of people who wanted to extend the borders of their countries.
“The Powder Keg of Europe” • In 1908, Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina. • Serbia, a new country, had wanted the land and was outraged.
A Shot Starts the War • On June 28, 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, from Austria- Hungary visited Sarajevo (city in Bosnia). • The Black Hand hired assassins to kill him. • GavriloPrincip shot Ferdinand and his pregnant wife. Archduke Franz Ferdinand Gavrilo Princip
A Chain Reaction • Austria-Hungary issued an ultimatum to Serbia - Germany offered support • Serbia failed to meet the demands so A-H declared war. • Russia declared war on A-H & mobilized on the German border. • Germany then declared war on both Russia and France. • G. Britain declared war on Germany
The Schlieffen Plan • Front= area of warfare • Germany developed a plan to quickly win the two front war. • Germany would invade France by going through Belgium (Neutral). • Once France was beat, the Germans would then send all their troops to fight the Russians. Did the Plan Work????
The First Battle of the Marne • Most important battle of WWI-proved Schlieffen Plan wouldn’t work • On September 5, 1914, the French threw every available soldier at the Germans in the Marne River Valley outside of Paris. • France stopped the German Advance
A Stalemate Develops • After the First Battle of the Marne, both sides dug in and prepared for a long war. • Called Trench Warfare • The deadlocked (no advance) region in northern France became known as the Western Front.
NEXT UP!!! All Quiet on the Western Front