Opioids and the Courts The Honorable Carolina Lamas

1. Opioids and the Courts • The Honorable Carolina Lamas • 4th Judicial District, Hennepin County, Minnesota

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3. Opioids and the Courts • In 2017, Drug Felonies were 28.8% of all Felony filings. • In 2018, Drug Felonies, were 33.5% of all Felonies. • A 16.5% increase over one year.

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5. Opioids and the Courts Treatment Courts in MN 65 total treatment courts • Adult Drug Courts – 26 • DWI Court – 14 • Veterans Treatment Court – 8 • Drug/DWI Hybrid – 6 • Mental Health Court – 4 • Family Dependency Treatment Court – 3 • Tribal Healing to Wellness Court – 2 • Juvenile Drug Court – 1 • Drug/DWI/FDTC Hybrid – 1

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7. Opioids and the Courts 1997 Drug Court 2003 Criminal Mental Health Court 2010 Veterans Court 2007 DWI Court

8. HENNEPIN COUNTY MODEL DRUG COURT FACTSHEET MODEL DRUG COURT PROGRAM MISSION: To increase public safety, improve chemical health, and reduce crime by targeting the population of chemically dependent felony property and drug offenders who are at high risk to re-offend. A coordinated and comprehensive approach is used to fa- cilitate short and long term behavioral change. From 2007 to 2018, approximately 1,123 participants were admitted to Model Drug Court(MDC). PROGRAMGOALS 56% No newconvictions during theprogram* 63% Completers who didnot reoffend within twoyears** ReduceCriminal Reoffending/ RecidivismΔ 40% Increase housingstability duringMDC* 55% Increaseemployment level duringMDC* Increase Community Engagement 224 Average days in chemical dependency treatment during MDC* 87% Negative drugtests* ReduceIllegal ChemicalUse 2018 PARTICIPANTSURVEY “My drug of choice is killingpeo- “[MDC provides]theencour- agement andaccountabilityto make positive lifechanges. They believed in mewhenI didn’t believe inmyself.” 93% of participants agreedthey would recommend MDC toa friend in a similarsituation. ple so it was extremely im- portant for me to get intoMDC and treatment. If it weren't for this, I’d probably bedead.” 2018 KEY PROGRAMSTATISTICS 21.6 Averagemonths inMDC† 82% Have a severe SubstanceUse Disorder* 49% Represent communities ofcolor† 176 Participants served in2018† 18 to63 Age range of participantsin 2018† 79% Felony Drug Referrals† 21% Felony PropertyReferrals† 56% Graduate* 63%Men† 37%Women† Fourth Judicial District • Hennepin County,ResearchDepartment Spring2019 http://www.mncourts.gov/Find-Courts/Fourth-Judicial-District/Publications-and-Reports-Hennepin.aspx Δ New convictions for misdemeanor, gross misdemeanor and felony level offenses. Excludes all traffic and vehicle related offenses exceptDWI. *All 2018 completers. Completers include both graduates andterminatedparticipants. † All 2018 programparticipants. **All 2016 completers, which allows for two years to calculate recidivism. Completers include both graduates and terminatedparticipants.

9. HENNEPIN COUNTY MENTAL HEALTH COURT FACTSHEET PROGRAM MISSION: The mission of Hennepin County Criminal Mental Health Court is to address the unmet mental health needs of defendants and to increase public safety through a specialized program that involves intensive supervision by probation, referral and case management services provided by the Criminal Mental Health Court Team and community agencies, frequent appear- ances before the Criminal Mental Health Court Judge, mandatory chemical health and/or mental health treatment, regular attendance at support groups, and frequent random drugtesting. PROGRAMGOALS Reduce recidivism Improvelife stability Increasecompliance with court ordered conditions Facilitateaccess toservices Reduceemergency room visits and hospitalizations Reducejail time 47% reduction in unemployment from program start tofinish* 38% of treatment referralswere completedsuccessfully* 46% of participants spent no time in jail during programparticipation* 92% of participants leave the program with healthinsurance coverage* 58% of participants who exitedin 2016 had no newcrime 77% of participants had zero hospitalizations during programparticipation* PARTICIPANTFEEDBACK “I wouldn’t be where I am without Mental HealthCourt.” “I appreciate its services and what it’s done forme.” “I am really appreciative of everyonehere.” 81% of participants surveyed agree they would recommend Mental Health Court to a friend ina similarsituation.† KEY PROGRAMMETRICS 37 Average ageof participants** 62 Percentpeople ofcolor** 263 MentalHealth Courtreferrals in2018 165 Participantsin May2019 16 Averagemonths spent inthe program* 14 Averagenumber ofreview hearings* 30%women** 70%men** 44% graduationrate* Fourth Judicial District • Hennepin County,ResearchDepartment Spring2019 http://www.mncourts.gov/Find-Courts/Fourth-Judicial-District/Publications-and-Reports-Hennepin.aspx *Data based on participants who exited Mental Health Court during 2018; **Data based on participants who were active in Mental Health Court inMay 2019 †Data based on surveys conducted with Mental Health Court participants during August,2017

10. HENNEPIN COUNTY DWI COURT FACTSHEET DWI COURT PROGRAM MISSION: To increase public safety and reduce the number of alcohol related traffic deaths and injuries by effectively partnering the justice system and community re- sources to focus on the specific issues of repeat DWI offenders. From 2007 to 2018, 686 participants were ac- cepted into DWI Court. PROGRAMGOALS 93% No new DWIs or driving- related convictionsduring theprogram* 91% Completers with no newDWIs or driving-related convictions within twoyears** Reduce Criminal Reoffending/ RecidivismΔ 88% Negative drugtests* 98% Participated inchemical dependencytreatment* Facilitate Defendant Sobriety 90% Have no failures toappear at DWI Courthearings* 38% Placed on IgnitionInterlock† Increase Compliancewith CourtOrdered Conditions 2018 PARTICIPANTSURVEY “I feel like the court is really designedto help me rather than throw me injail [and that] they care about you as aper- son and care about your sobrietyand are not just doing ajob.” “I’m anintergenerational alcoholic. I realized it’stime to stop. My kids areadults and I didn’t want them tosee me die adrunk.” 93% of participantsagreed they would recommend DWI Court to a friend in a similarsituation. 2018 KEY PROGRAMSTATISTICS 23 to74 Age range of participantsin 2018† 68% Have a severe SubstanceUse Disorder* 41% Represent communities ofcolor† 17.0 Average months inDWI Court* 107 Participants Served in2018† 74%Men† 26%Women† 79% Gross Misd. DWI Referrals† 21% Felony DWI Referrals† 81% Graduate* Fourth Judicial District • Hennepin County,ResearchDepartment Spring2019 http://www.mncourts.gov/Find-Courts/Fourth-Judicial-District/Publications-and-Reports-Hennepin.aspx Δ Driving-related convictions (driving after suspension, revocation or cancellation, and other limited license violations); † All 2018 programparticipants; *All program graduates and terminated participants in 2018; **All 2016 graduates andterminated participants, which allows a two year recidivism window.

11. HENNEPIN COUNTY VETERANS COURT FACTSHEET PROGRAM MISSION The mission of Hennepin County Veterans Court is to promote public safety and assist and support veterans and their families by creating a coordinated response through collaboration with the veterans’ service delivery system, commu- nity based services, and the criminal justice system. The program serves veterans of the United States Armed Forces charged with a criminal offense in Hennepin County who are struggling with addiction and/or serious mental illness through a combination of judicial reviews, intensive probation supervision, and behavioral healthtreatment. PROGRAMGOALS Improve social supportconnec- tions andfamily relationship Improve participantlife stability Reduce criminal recidivism Improveaccess toVeterans Administrationbenefits Facilitate participant sobriety Increasecompliance with treatment and other court ordered conditions 80% of all drug tests were negative forparticipants exiting in2018* 89% of participantswho exited theprogram in 2016 had no newcrime 66% of participants exited thepro- gram livingindependently. Only oneparticipant washomeless* 45% 92% 59% of participantsincreased their engagement in prosocialactivities* of benefit-eligibleparticipants exited the program connected to VAservices* of treatment referrals were completedsuccessfully* PARTICIPANTFEEDBACK “I’ve had more pride since I’ve been in VeteransCourt, I’ve seen other veterans pick themselves up...and it makes me more proud to be aveteran.” 94% of participants surveyed agree theywould recommend Veterans Court to a friend ina similarsituation.† KEY PROGRAMMETRICS 17 AverageVeterans Courtreview hearings* 50 Activeparticipants in May2019 71 VeteransCourt referrals in2018 41 Average ageof participants** 15 Averagemonths inVeterans Court* 92%men** 62% graduation rate* 8%women** Fourth Judicial District • Hennepin County, ResearchDepartment http://www.mncourts.gov/Find-Courts/Fourth-Judicial-District/Publications-and-Reports-Hennepin.aspx Spring2019 *DatabasedonparticipantswhoexitedVeteransCourtduring2018;**Databasedonparticipants whowereactive inVeteransCourtin May2019 †Data based on surveys conducted with Veterans Court participants during August,2017

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15. Opioids and the Courts • In 2019, the Hennepin County Medical Center received a State Opioid Response Grant from SAMHSA. • A portion of this grant works with our Drug Court to increase access to Medication Assisted Treatment and increasing patient capacity. • Instead of relying on methadone treatment solely, access to buprenorphine is increased through office-based opioid treatment.

16. Opioids and the Courts • The Fourth District is also adding Peer Recovery Navigators to our Treatment Court teams, as an additional resource for those individuals struggling with Substance Use Disorder. • These Navigators can help make connections to the recovery community and assist participants’ engagement in the program.