Tobacco

1. Tobacco

2. Key Terms • List and define in your notes the following words: • Addiction *Leukoplakia • Nicotine * passive smoke • Stimulant * mainstream smoke • Tar *side stream smoke • Carcinogens *Nicotine withdrawal • Carbon monoxide * Nicotine substitutes • Smokeless tobacco

3. Tobacco Activity • Answer the following the questions: • 1. What was the purpose of this activity? • 2. How do you think this activity related to smoking cigarettes? • 3. What were some physical effects you felt after walking around the parking lot?

4. Top Reason Teens start smoking.. • One or both parents smoke. • People they admire smoke. • Teens find acceptance by peers if they smoke too. • Mass media campaign for smoking works on teenagers and adults. • Teens feel invincible or that they can stop at anytime. So why not try it? • Teens believe they can quit anytime • Smoking’s biggest draw is that it is an adult activity that is forbidden. • For relaxation or stress • For it’s short term stimulant effect

5. Facts Continued… • Some of the contributing factors of teenage smoking are:1. Low socioeconomic status2. Use or approval of smoking by siblings/peers3. Smoking by parents4. Availability and price of tobacco5. Lack of parent support / involvement6. Lower self-image or self-esteem

6. Facts to Know • A study that was done by the CDC also found some interesting facts and estimates:1. About 3,900 teens under 18 start smoking each day. • 2. Of the 3,900 teens that start smoking each day - 1500 will become regular smokers.3. • Those who smoke often have secondary behavioral issues such as violence, drug/alcohol use, and high-risk sexual behavior.

7. Tobacco • The American Lung Association estimates that every minute four thousand eight hundred teens will take their first drag off a cigarette. Of those four thousand eight hundred, about two thousand will go on to be chain smokers. The fact that teen smoking rates are steadily increasing is disturbing. We are finding out that about 80% of adult smokers started smoking as teenagers • Nicotine is considered the number one entrance drug into other substance abuse problems. Research shows that teens between 13 and 17 years of age who smoke daily are more likely to use other drug substances. The use of other drugs is part of the peer pressure that our children have to face. The earlier that our youth begin using tobacco, the more likely they will continue using into adulthood.

8. Media and Smoking

9. Tobacco • Tobacco contains nicotine which is the addictive drug in cigarettes. • People smoke to reduce craving for nicotine, which is a poisonous stimulant. Stimulant is a drug that increases the action of the central nervous system, the heart, and other organs. • Nicotine raises blood pressure and increases heart rate.

10. What is in a Cigarette? • Tar is what gives cigarettes there flavor. • Tar is a thick, sticky, dark fluid produced when tobacco burns. • Tar paralyzes or destroys cilia, the waving hair like projections that work to keep the respiratory tract clear. • Several substances in tar are known to cause cancer. • Carbon monoxide is found in cigarettes, and is the same gas in automobile exhaust fumes. It unites with red blood cells, preventing them from carrying the oxygen needed for energy to the body’s cells.

11. There are over 4,000 chemicals in tobacco smoke and at least 69 of those chemicals are known to cause cancer.

12. A healthy lung compared to a smokers lung!

13. Smokeless Tobacco • Q. What Is Smokeless Tobacco? • A. Chewing tobacco and snuff are the two main types of smokeless tobacco. Chewing tobacco usually comes in leaves or plugs that users put in their cheek pouches and then chew. Snuff is finely ground tobacco that users put between their gums and cheeks. • Many people believe that smokeless tobacco is not dangerous, but that is not true. Smokeless tobacco has many bad side effects and serious health risks, including cancer and even death.

14. Smokeless Tobacco • Q Is Smokeless Tobacco Addictive? • A. Yes. Like cigarettes, chewing tobacco and snuff contain nicotine - a highly addictive drug. Because the nicotine is absorbed into the bloodstream from the mouth, it takes longer to reach the brain. Smokeless tobacco users do not feel the effects of the nicotine as fast as cigarette users do. But about the same amount of nicotine enters their bloodstreams.

15. Consequences of smokeless tobacco • The most serious health risk associated with smokeless tobacco is cancer and leouplakia.. Smokeless tobacco products contain at least 28 cancer-causing chemicals. Over time, these chemicals increase your risk of cancers in the mouth and throat. If you use smokeless tobacco, talk to your doctor about checking for any precancerous lesions.

16. Do you want your lip to look like this?

17. What Tobacco does to the body • Smoking can have long term and short term effects on the body. • Smoking causes diseases of the Respiratory and Circulatory systems.

19. Diseases of the Respiratory System • Chronic bronchitis: a condition in which the bronchi are irritated. As cilia become useless, tar from cigarette smoke builds up which results in chronic coughing and excessive mucus secretion.

20. Diseases of the Respiratory System • Emphysema: a condition that involves the destruction of the tiny air sacs in the lungs through which oxygen is absorbed into the body. As the walls between sacs are destroyed, they lose their elasticity and provide less total surface from which oxygen can be absorbed. More breaths are required. So instead of using 5% of one’s energy to breath they used of to 80% just to take a breath!

21. Disease of the Respiratory System • Lung cancer: directly linked to cigarette smoking. Leading cause of cancer deaths among males. Cilia are destroyed and extra mucus can’t be expelled. Cancerous cells can grow in these conditions, block the bronchi and move to the lungs.

22. Circulatory System

23. Diseases of Circulatory • Nicotine makes the heart work harder and speeds up the pulse. • Smoking constricts the blood vessels, which cuts down on the circulation, or blood flow, to the limbs. • This can result in tingling feelings in hands and feet of the smoker. • Nicotine contributes to the formation of plaque buildup in the blood vessels. • The formation of these fatty deposits in the arteries increases the chance of arterioclerosis, or hardening of the arteries, and gradually clogs the blood vessels. • This condition increases the risk of heart attack and stroke.

24. Smoking during Pregnancy • At least 2,800 deaths of low birth weight babies are cause by mothers who smoked while they were pregnant. • Smoking while pregnant is associated with small fetal growth, an increased chance of spontaneous abortion and prenatal death, increased stillbirths, as well as growth and development problems. • Nicotine passes through the placenta, constricting the blood vessels of the fetus. Carbon monoxide reduces the oxygen levels in the mother’s fetus’s blood. • After the baby is born nicotine can be passed to the child through breast milk.