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Boiler- & WH labelling and European directive EuP

Ecodesign of EuP: Lot 2. Boiler- & WH labelling and European directive EuP. Water Heaters. Consultation Forum Brussels, 8 July 2008. Matthew Kestner EUROPEAN COMMISSION Directorate-general for Energy and Transport Unit D3, Energy Efficiency. 1. Content. Introduction 2. Water Heaters

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Boiler- & WH labelling and European directive EuP

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  1. Ecodesign of EuP: Lot 2 Boiler- & WH labelling and European directive EuP Water Heaters Consultation Forum Brussels, 8 July 2008 Matthew Kestner EUROPEAN COMMISSION Directorate-general for Energy and Transport Unit D3, Energy Efficiency 1

  2. Content • Introduction • 2. Water Heaters • 2.1 Ecodesign and EPBD Minimum Efficiency Limits • 2.2 Labelling scale • 2.3 EPBD – Partial Harmonization • 2.4 Size Limits • 2.5 EPBD other elements • 2.6 Conformity assessment • 2.7 Verification Procedure • 2.8 Annex IV – Climate variation • 2.9 Emissions/ Nox • 2.10 Other Definitions/Scope/ Benchmarks • 2.11 Other Water Heaters 2

  3. Index Part 1. Introduction 3

  4. EU-15 Greenhouse gas [CO2] emissions Carbon [CO2 eq] emissions EU15 in 2005 CH boilers 10% 17% Water heating Road transport 6% 24% Boilers and water heaters almost ¼ 26% Other electric EuP incl. power generation losses Industrial other fossil fuel use incl. refineries 17% [Total 3357 Mt CO2 eq, ] 4

  5. Energy Road transport, inner circle: cars ca. 60% CH Boilers (space heating function only)‏ Water Heaters (incl. boiler water heating)‏ Other EuP (dotted= scope future studies)‏ Outside EuP-directive scope In EuP-scope Heating highest energy use! Impact corresponds to circle surface [PJ] 5

  6. EU legislation lags behind (Water Heater)‏ Minimum energy efficiency standards for water heaters: = YES = NO EU to be in front 6

  7. Business as Usual (BAU)‏ 245 227 29% 194 223 10% 174 Realistic scenario CO2 eq. emissions Water Heaters High saving potential ! 2020 1990 2010 2025 EU25-emission water heaters in Mt CO2/a 7

  8. Urgency: 2020 ! -20% EU target 20/20/20 vs. 1990 EuP boilers and water heaters >25% of the target EuP + EPB* space & water heat40-50% of the target carbon -20% energy 2020 target year Act Now !! 8

  9. Targets • Proposed measures are: • A good investment – cost effective savings • 2020 Savings • 60 MT CO² by 2020 • 1-2% of EU Energy Demand • Essential to overall 2020 targets 9

  10. Pan-European Synergy Opportunities • Physics is universal  Best Practice For All • EU-Single Market  Mass-production and mass-application of high efficiency solutions • EU climate differences don’t stand in the way: 10

  11. -0,5 3 EU climate (weighted average Oct.-Apr). 3 1,9 EU climate Heating season temperature & Solar annual 0,3 3 EE 3 0,9 7,6 LT 3 3,9 3 LI 0,5 3 7,6 3 3 6,5 3 4,3 3 2,4 3 6,7 3 3 7,4 3 3,6 5,6 3 4,5 3 3 4,6 3 6,9 4,6 3 5,6 3 5 9,9 4 3,8 13,5 5,3 3 5 4 11,3 12,9 4 Avg. hor. solar irradiance kWh/m2/d 3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 1 & 2, BRUSSELS, 29.2.2008 5 11 5 14,8 13,5 Avg. outdoor temperature Oct.-Apr. oC 14,4

  12. Case for Harmonization • Product may come in several boxes, (Water Heater, solar panels etc.). But each box is a mass produced product. • Usual advantages of single market and harmonization apply. • National implementation will lead to 30+ varying requirements, and limited response from manufacturers. 12

  13. Choice of implementation methods Labelling and Information 2. Ecodesign – Minimum Efficiency Standards 3. Installation Requirements (EPBD)‏ 4. Subsidies, Tax rebates etc. 13

  14. Urgency: 2020 ! -20% EU target 20/20/20 vs. 1990 EuP boilers and water heaters >25% of the target EuP + EPB* space & water heat40-50% of the target carbon -20% energy 2020 target year Act Now !! 14

  15. Index Part 2. Water Heaters 15

  16. 2.1 Eco Design Requirements Water Heaters • Rating on basis of how • Energy efficiency of supplying relevant volume of hot water (tapping pattern) in an average EU building • Model to correct difference between measurement methods, and to allow for (some) distribution losses. 16

  17. 55ºC 55ºC Kitchen tappings (oC)‏ Shower Bath Bath+shower (simult.)‏ 55ºC 55ºC 55ºC 55ºC 55ºC 55ºC 40ºC 35ºC QloadinkWh/a 8x’M’ 16x’M’ 461 461 465 1285 2562 4187 5355 10277 20555 XXS XS S M L XL XXL 3XL 4XL max.flow (l/min, 60ºC)‏ 2 4 5 6 10 10 16 48 96 max.single tap (l)‏ 2 6 10 27 69 84 119 239 477 Load profiles water heating Derived from prEN 50440 “electric storage” and EN 13203-2/3 “gas/solar 18

  18. XXS XS S M L XL XXL 3XL 4XL A+++ 53 61 72 80 98 112 124 140 150 BAT A++ 44 53 55 66 82 92 104 110 120 A+ 35 38 38 54 68 76 84 96 96 A 32 35 35 45 56 62 72 80 86 2015 EPBD ------- (New Build)‏ B 29 32 32 39 46 50 60 64 64 2013 limit -------EPBD (New Build)‏ C 26 29 29 36 37 40 40 40 40 2011 Limit D 23 26 26 33 34 34 36 36 36 E 20 23 23 30 30 30 32 32 32 F 17 20 20 27 27 27 28 28 28 2.2 Water Heater Energy Label Classes 23

  19. 2.3 Water Heater – National Installation Limits • Partial Harmonization • Member States • To ensure appropriate sizing • Free to set higher installation limits – but should correspond to labelling limits • Thus - For any installation building owner should be given a choice of installing water heaters that correspond to certain labelling efficiency/size classes. • Free to set their own system elements not in water heater (e.g.insulation of distribution pipes)‏ 24

  20. XXS XS S M L XL XXL 3XL 4XL A+++ 53 61 72 80 98 112 124 140 150 BAT A++ 44 53 55 66 82 92 104 110 120 A+ 35 38 38 54 68 76 84 96 96 A 32 35 35 45 56 62 72 80 86 B 29 32 32 39 46 50 60 64 64 2013 limit C 26 29 29 36 37 40 40 40 40 2011 Limit D 23 26 26 33 34 34 36 36 36 E 20 23 23 30 30 30 32 32 32 F 17 20 20 27 27 27 28 28 28 House 1 House 2 2.3 Water Heater – National Installation Limits 25

  21. 2.4 Water Heater– size Limits • Need for size limits • Requirements get stricter for larger sizes – incentive to install ‘supersized M’ when XL is needed (particularly important. But • Water demand varies over time, meeting standard tapping cycle will give to little hot water on some days. • Limits imposed by • Member States ensuring ‘appropriate sizing’ • Limit on size of water heater in terms of volume (XXS- S)‏ • Limit on ability to perform higher tapping cycles (2 size categories)‏ 26

  22. 2.5 Water Heater EPBD– Other possible elements • Member States should • Centralized/Decentralized • Should set rules relating to the choice between centralized and decentralized hot water systems. • Building Certificates/Water heater inspection etc. • Should include information on the savings from replacing existing water heater with one with efficiency at • Class A • Minimum level allowed 27

  23. 2.6 Water Heater – conformity Assessment • Elements • New Modules recently adopted. • Large potential savings – need for greater security of results (so Notified bodies, osule A2 etc.)‏ • ‘New products’ need for stricter assessment. • Possible requirement: Sizes • XXS-XS - Module A • S – L - A2 or Notified body(B+C)‏ • XL -4XL - Notified body(B+C)‏ • Not using ‘harmonized standard’ – Notified body • Impact assessment Study to look into details 28

  24. 2.7 Water Heater Verification Procedure • Verification procedure • As previously discussed • Limits under Ecodesign Requirements or Energy Labelling threshold- Maximum values. • Other information (for example the data input defined in Annex IV) margin for production variation of (say) ± [7%]. • To be replaced by ‘harmonized methods’ – when developed 29

  25. 2.7 Water Heater Verification Procedure • Test protocol • Test 1 model, if test result exceeds limit, then • Test 3 further models There shall be no need to re-test the value of all parameters in the second set of tests, only those that exceed maximum value for the first unit. 30

  26. 2.7 Water Heater Verification Procedure Proof of Failure Ecodesign requirements and Energy Labelling Thresholds • Test values for the first unit, and average test values for the second set of tests, exceed the limit by • Water Heater 4% • NOx emissions 4% OR • An analysis based on the test error of the relevant test house for the test(s) in question that shows that the probability a correctly declared model, could have had the test results, or worse, is very low. 31

  27. 2.7 Water Heater Verification Procedure Proof of Failure Declared values • Test values for the first unit, and average test values for the second set of tests, differ from declared value by more than [7%] 32

  28. 2.7 Water Heater Verification Comments 4% to low for • Small tapping cycles • Nox (at 20 ppm)‏ • New standards 33

  29. 2.8 Water Heater - Annex IV See separate presentation 34

  30. 2.8 Water Heater - Annex IV – Climate variation Adjustment for climate differences implies barriers to trade • same product has different rating depending on where installed. Danger of 'Best' driving out the ‘Good’ if • optimizing for small climate differences(e.g. of 5%) takes precedence over • designing better products (Energy rating bandwidth 15%)‏ 35

  31. 2.8 Water Heater - Annex IV – Climate variation Annex IV base on average EU climate • For constant hot Water Load for most products climate variations make only small differences. (NB household with same water demand will need bigger water heater in Finland (cold water 5°C) than in Italy (cold water 15°C)‏ 36

  32. 2.8 Water Heater - Annex IV – Climate variation Possible products with 'large' variation: • outside air based heat pumps, in 'Artic' areas temperatures often below 0-5°C, and • Solar systems, which will work better in 'Tropical' areas where solar flux is significantly higher (5 kWh/day m² rather than 3 kWh/day m²). High quality solar systems (e.g. with vacuum insulated collectors) will already work well in areas with the lower level of solar flux. 37

  33. -0,5 3 EU climate (weighted average Oct.-Apr). 3 1,9 EU climate Heating season temperature & Solar annual 0,3 3 EE 3 0,9 7,6 LT 3 3,9 3 LI 0,5 3 7,6 3 3 6,5 3 4,3 3 2,4 3 6,7 3 3 7,4 3 3,6 5,6 3 4,5 3 3 4,6 3 6,9 4,6 3 5,6 3 5 9,9 4 3,8 13,5 5,3 3 5 4 11,3 12,9 4 Avg. hor. solar irradiance kWh/m2/d 3 ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 1 & 2, BRUSSELS, 29.2.2008 5 38 5 14,8 13,5 Avg. outdoor temperature Oct.-Apr. oC 14,4

  34. 2.8 Water Heater - Annex IV – Climate variation Possible strategy Difference between ‘Standard’ and ‘Artic’ and/or ‘Tropical’ rating < 15%/Labelling Bandwidth - Use ‘Standard’ rating > 15%/Labelling Bandwidth - then 'Artic' and or 'Tropical' rating may be used (in Ecodesign,energy Labelling, EPBD Installation requirements)‏ 39

  35. 2.8 Water Heater Climate variation - comments • EHI .No climate zones in Ecodesing, acceptabel if needed in • NGOs should allow for climate differences 40

  36. 2.8 Water Heater Heat Pump • EHI .GWP condition on heat pumps should be dropped • NGOs Should have more complete treatment of GWP of Heat Pump fluid. 41

  37. 2.9 Water Heater - Emissions • Significant Emissions in use phase of • NOx • ii) CO • iii) Hydrocarbons • iv) Particulates • But • measurement methods unrealistic (steady state)‏ • need to develop dynamic measurement methods. • apart from NOx – see separate slides 42

  38. 2.9 Water Heater - Emissions NGOs should include Methane But measurement problems 43

  39. 2.10 Water Heater - Scope • As before • All Electric, Gas, Oil Water Heaters (inc Solar Heat Pump)‏ • (Combis, Hot Water Cylinders – willl be dealt with in further Working documents.)‏ • Not (yet) covered in annex IV • Micro CHP, CO² heat pump, etc. • These ‘new’ products to be included when • Harmonized standard adopted, or • Amendment to annex IV • Then transition period (12 months)‏ 44

  40. 2.10 Water Heater - Scope NGOs should WH using waste water OK when measurement methods developed. 45

  41. 2.10 Water Heater - Benchmarks • As before • Energy efficiency • XXS-S A++ • S-4XL A+++ • NOx Emissions • less than 20ppm NGOs Should add benchmarks for • GWP (HP fluid refrigerant)‏ • Methane leakage 46

  42. Index Thank you ! 47

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