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Federal Elections

Federal Elections. Canadian & World Politics www.CraigMarlatt.com/school. Federal Elections. Federal Government in Canada Federal Voting Process How Ridings are Created Key Players Federal Issues. Federal Government in Canada.

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Federal Elections

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  1. Federal Elections Canadian & World Politics www.CraigMarlatt.com/school

  2. Federal Elections • Federal Government in Canada • Federal Voting Process • How Ridings are Created • Key Players • Federal Issues

  3. Federal Government in Canada • Canada’s constitution divides all government powers and responsibilities between the federal government and the provinces • Federal Government Responsibilities • National Defence • Unemployment Insurance • Trade Regulation • External Relations • Citizenship • Indian Affairs • Criminal Law • Transportation

  4. Federal Voting Process • Members of Parliament (MPs) are elected in federal elections. • Federal elections are held every four years, but can be called earlier at the discretion of the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister. • The last election was held in October 2011. • The next election will be held on October 19, 2015, unless the Governor General calls one earlier.

  5. How Ridings are Created 1 — Allocation to the territories • Starting with 282 seats that the House of Commons of Canada had in 1985, one seat each is allocated to Nunavut, the Northwest Territories, and Yukon Territory, leaving 279 seats. This number is used to calculate the electoral quotient.

  6. How Ridings are Created 2 — Calculating the electoral district average (national quotient) • The total population of the ten provinces is divided by 279 (the number obtained after allocating seats to the territories) to obtain the electoral quota or quotient, which is used to determine the number of seats for each province.

  7. How Ridings are Created 3 — Distributing the seats to each province • The theoretical number of seats to be allocated to each province in the House of Commons is calculated by dividing the total population of each province by the national quotient obtained in step 2. • If the result leaves a remainder higher than 0.50, the number of seats is rounded up to the next whole number.

  8. How Ridings are Created 4 — Adjustments (special clauses) • After the theoretical number of seats per province is obtained, adjustments are made in a process referred to as applying the "senatorial clause" and the "grandfather clause". • Since 1915, the "senatorial clause" has guaranteed that no province has fewer members in the House of Commons than it has in the Senate. The Representation Act, 1985, brought into effect a new grandfather clause that guaranteed each province no fewer seats than it had in 1976 or during the 33rd Parliament.

  9. How Ridings are Created

  10. How Ridings are Created - 2011

  11. How Ridings are Created – 2001 Compared to 2011

  12. How Ridings are Created - 2001 • NL 7 • PE 4 • NS 11 • NB 10 • QC 75 • ON 106 • MB 14 • SK 14 • AB 28 • BC 36 • YT 1 • NT 1 • NU 1 = 308 seats total

  13. How Ridings are Created - 2011 • NL 7 • PE 4 • NS 11 • NB 10 • QC 78 • ON 121 • MB 14 • SK 14 • AB 34 • BC 42 • YT 1 • NT 1 • NU 1 = 338 seats total

  14. How Ridings are Created

  15. Key Players Incumbents Conservative Leader Stephen Harper NDP Leader Thomas Mulcair Whitby-Oshawa MP Jim Flaherty Liberal Interim Leader Bob Rae

  16. Key Players Candidates (during the 2006 election) NDP Liberal Jim Flaherty Conservative Others

  17. Federal Issues • Spending the Surplus • Tax Cuts • Reducing the Debt • Spending on Programs • Stability in Parliament • Ethical Conduct by Politicians • Gun Violence • Child Care • Health Care Standards and Wait Times

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