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Seafood Trade: Implications of WTO, IUU and Food Safety Controls

Seafood Trade: Implications of WTO, IUU and Food Safety Controls. Rebecca Lent Special Advisor World Bank. Overview. Importance of international trade in seafood Import measures related to: Seafood safety Ecological sustainability IUU fishing WTO: Focus on subsidies Outlook.

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Seafood Trade: Implications of WTO, IUU and Food Safety Controls

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  1. Seafood Trade: Implications of WTO, IUU and Food Safety Controls Rebecca Lent Special Advisor World Bank

  2. Overview • Importance of international trade in seafood • Import measures related to: • Seafood safety • Ecological sustainability • IUU fishing • WTO: Focus on subsidies • Outlook

  3. International Trade in Seafood • World’s most heavily traded food commodity • Nearly 40% of all seafood traded • Trade and global processing centers • Increasing trend in south-to-north

  4. Import measures: Seafood Safety • Heavy dependence on imports • Increasing concern about food safety overall • Some countries requiring certificates/on-site inspection • Role of voluntary inspection • Ensuring no technical barriers to trade – shifts burden to exporting country

  5. Recent examples • Canada – animal health regulations limit some live/uneviscerated fish • China – information requirements for wild and farmed salmon • Korea – prior listing for producers of fish heads, fish entrails, roe and squid ink gland • Multiple countries: requirement of certificates for seafood inspection

  6. Import measures:Ecological sustainability • Ensuring that import demand is not a driver in unsustainable ecological impacts of fishing • Most common for private certification/ecolabels, e.g. Marine Stewardship Council • Some unilateral measures: • U.S. – Shark fishery management and marine mammal bycatch • Japan – working with seafood importers

  7. Import measures:IUU fishing • Concern that import markets may be drivers of IUU • Japan – working with importers • United States – biennial report to Congress identifying and certifying countries for IUU • European union – IUU catch certificate requirement and related activities • RFMOs – restrictions on imports for flag states based on IUU fishing

  8. World Trade Organization • Focus on role of subsidies • Two-fold motivation: • Leveling the playing field • Subsidies vs. overcapitalization/overfishing • Negotiations on “disciplines” to avoid subsidies that contribute to overcapacity and overfishing

  9. Outlook • Increased scrutiny on marine stewardship • Retailers may be key • National, multilateral and global efforts • Reminder Global Partnership for Oceans

  10. Thank you! Rebecca.Lent rlent@worldbank.org

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