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ToK - Language

How much could you know about the world if you had no language or means of communicating with other people?. ToK - Language. Name an object . ToK - Language. Write a sentence describing what is happening in these two pictures:. ToK - Language. Compare versions.

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ToK - Language

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  1. How much could you know about the world if you had no language or means of communicating with other people? ToK - Language

  2. Name an object .... ToK - Language

  3. Write a sentence describing what is happening in these two pictures: ToK - Language Compare versions...

  4. Language is a subset of Communication .... but not all communication is language ToK - Language

  5. Body Language ToK - Language

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  9. What do we mean by language? • Language is symbolic • The use of a sound to stand for “that” object or idea: • Red • Tree • Love ToK - Language

  10. ToK - Language Symbols

  11. ToK - Language Symbols

  12. ToK - Language Symbols

  13. What do we mean by language? • Language is rule-governed. • Language is intended. • Language is creative and open-ended. ToK - Language

  14. Rule-governed: • Grammar • Rules • Accepted vocabulary • Needs social agreement ToK - Language

  15. Intended: • Language is a form of communication, but not all communication is language • You are bored in class, you catch someone’s eye and make a yawning gesture • You are trying to look interested in what someone is saying but find yourself starting to yawn. ToK - Language

  16. Creative and open-ended: You can write or speak a sentence that has never before appeared in the English language ToK - Language

  17. Language enables us to communicate new information, to learn about people and places and ideas we have never encountered before… ... but to what extent should we trust it? ToK - Language

  18. There is an element of translation in every communication. • A sends a message to B. • B receives the message and interprets it. • Misunderstanding takes place. ToK - Language

  19. ToK - Language A volunteer to describe the drawing......

  20. ToK - Language Why is it so difficult to communicate effectively?

  21. Some of the reasons... • Most of the message we communicate is non-verbal. • The words we use are vague, imprecise, and can be interpreted in different ways. • We may have a “hidden agenda” that is not mutually understood. • In this community, we all have different language histories and experiences – verbal and non-verbal! This contributes to the “problem” of communication. ToK - Language

  22. Problems of meaning • Language changing • Language used to influence and persuade. ToK - Language

  23. Problems of meaning • Vagueness: fast, slow, nice, bald • Ambiguity: • “Refuse to be put in the basket”, • “Flying planes can be dangerous”, • “Eats, shoots and leaves” • Secondary meaning: love, death, school, priest • Metaphor: • “She has her head in the clouds”, • “My brother is a butcher”, • “My doctor is a butcher” • Irony:“Nice weather!” ToK - Language

  24. Changing language - language reflects our changing world. • Gender issues • Political correctness • Technology • Slang • International travel • Internet + media ToK - Language

  25. Language used to influence and persuade. Propaganda and manipulation through language using: • Emotionally laden words • Weasel words • Grammar • Revealing and concealing ToK - Language

  26. Emotionally laden words: • Terrorist / Freedom fighter • Pro-life / Pro-choice • Free speech / Hate speech • “Blocking your child’s access to objectionable material on the internet is not called Censorship – it’s called Parenting” Al Gore ToK - Language

  27. Weasel Words: • “many”,“ should”, “probably” • “Probably the best lager in the world” • “Our product can reduce wrinkles by 25%” ToK - Language

  28. Grammar: • “We bombed many villages” • “Many villages were bombed” ToK - Language

  29. Revealing and Concealing: • “I have invited an attractive blonde to the party” • “I have invited a cellist to the party” • “I have invited my sister to the party” • “I have invited a marathon runner to the party” • “I have invited a lesbian to the party” • “I have invited my best friend to the party” • In war: • Neutralise; Pacification; Liberate; • Strategic Redeployment; Security Assistance ToK - Language

  30. Aoccdrnig to rscheearch at a Uinervtisy, it deosn'tmttaer in wahtoredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olnyiprmoetnttihng is taht the frist and lsatltteer be in the rghitpclae. The rset can be a total mses and you can sitllraed it wouthit a porbelm. Tihs is bcuseae the huamnmniddeos not raederveylteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe.

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