Car Monitoring System Team IPA

1. Car Monitoring SystemTeam IPA Kirill Belyayev Amjad Chaudhry Arush Dhawan Aditya Kaundinya Bilal Yousufi

2. Introduction and Development Kit Amjad Chaudhry

3. In-Car Automation and Monitoring System • Sensors are placed throughout a car that wirelessly send data back to a central terminal • Data displayed on LCD • Zigbee is used to transmit and receive Data • Visual Warnings will be given if a sensor detects something has fallen below the threshold.

4. Implementation We will use Zigbee technology to measure different components of a car and display the data on a main LCD screen. Tire Pressure Temperature Accelerometer Proximity Sensor Car Battery Voltage If any of the sensors detect a critical level our system will be used to provide a visual warning to the driver.

5. Project Outline

6. Division of Labor • Aditya and Amjad will work solely on software issues • A/D Converter • Zigbee Communication • Kirill • Mainboard Design • Hardware/Software Implementation • Will also work with Aditya and Amjad, with software implementation of hardware (I.e. LCD, Keypad, RS-232, User Interface) • Arush and Bilal • Sensors’ schematic and design • PCB for Main Board and Sensors

7. System Architecture Parking Sensors Tire Pressure Sensors Accelerometer Sensor Battery voltage sensors Temperature sensors Main Terminal Keypad Speaker LCD Screen

8. Development Kit • Our development kit came with a programming environment, CodeWarrior. The kit also came with demo applications to be tested with our board to introduce the user to programming for RF applications. • The board has: • Two accelerometers, four switches and LEDs, a MC13192 transceiver, printed antenna, serial interface and MC9s08GT60 low-power MCU with 60KB of flash memory.

10. Software Aditya Kaundinya

11. Software Overview • Zigbee Communication • Simple Media Access Controller Functions • ANSI C based code used for developing RF applications. • A/D Converter Implementation • Used to convert continuous signals to digital numbers. • The digital output can take different arithmetic forms. (Binary, Hexadecimal, etc.)

12. Demo Software • Our development kit came with demo code that allowed us to test our hardware. • -Range Finder – Code that adjusted the number of blinking LED’s respective to the distance between the two boards. • -UART Demo – Wireless transmits a user’s keystrokes to the terminal of another pc using the Zigbee transceivers.

13. Example Code (Range Detection) TRANSMIT STATE - case TX_STATE: /*Load the tx buffer with the ZigBee packet.*/ au8TxDataBuffer[0] = 'Z'; au8TxDataBuffer[1] = 'i'; au8TxDataBuffer[2] = 'g'; au8TxDataBuffer[3] = 'B'; au8TxDataBuffer[4] = 'e'; au8TxDataBuffer[5] = 'e'; sTxPacket.u8DataLength = 6; if (MCPSDataRequest(&sTxPacket) == SUCCESS) MLMERXEnableRequest(&sRxPacket,DELAY_COUNT); RECEIVE STATE - case RX_STATE: MLMERXEnableRequest(&sRxPacket,0); break;

14. SMAC Functions

16. A-D Converter Tire pressure sensor gives an analog voltage value. The output pin of the sensor is connected to one of the 8 A-D converter pins on the microcontroller. The voltage signal from the sensor is converted to a binary number using the microcontroller. The voltage-pressure relation below is used to convert the digital value into the corresponding pressure value.

17. Immediate Software Goals • Goal 1 – by 03/03/2008 • Understand all the SMAC functions by next Monday. • Simultaneously work on writing code to control LED’s using the pushbuttons. • Goal 2 – by 03/15/2008 • Connect tire pressure sensor to the A/D converter on the development board. • Write software to output the correct air pressure from the A/D converter.

18. Main Board Kirill Belyayev

19. Main Board Schematic

20. Microprocessor • MC9S08GT60 • Six Different General I/O Ports: • Port A has keyboard interrupts • Port B has A/D Converter inputs • Port C has SCI2 and I2C interfaces • Port D has Timer/PWM module • Port E has SCI1 and SPI interfaces

21. RF Data Modem • MC13192 • SPI pins for on-board communication • RF input/output pins • General purpose I/O pins • Interrupt, Reset, Rx/Tx Enable pins • External clock pins

22. Serial Communication Interface Max3232 – SCI Driver and Receiver

23. Keypad • 12 Keys – 7 pins • Rows have pull up resistors and used as outputs • Columns used as inputs

24. LCD Interface • Two NJU6676 Drivers • 64x132 pixels each • Parallel or Serial • Internal power supply circuit (not used)

25. Sensor Schematics Arush Dhawan

26. Sensor Schematic • Tire Pressure Chip - MPX4250 • Operates at 5V • Max Input of MC9S08 is 3.6V • Attenuator • Readjust Transfer Function in Software • Sensor Chips are interchangeable, the only thing that will need to be adjusted the attenuator and software. • Temperature – FM20P5X – 3.3V • X-Y Accelerometer – MMA1260D - 5 V • Z Accelerometer – MMA6261Q 3.3V • Proximity Sensor – Sharp GP2Y0A21YK - 3.3V

27. Tire Pressure Chip

28. Temperature Chip

29. Z Accelerometer Chip

30. X-Y Accelerometer

31. Proximity Sensor

32. PCB Design and Logistics Bilal Yousufi

33. PCB Design – Revision 1 • Altium Designer • 1st Revision by March 1st • R • 2 Boards • Mainboard • Power Source: 12V Battery with DC-DC Buck Converter. • Components Operate between 3.3V – 12V • Tire Pressure Board

34. PCB Design – Revision 2 • 2nd Revision by Milestone 2 • Mainboard • Tire Pressure, Temperature, 3-axis Accelerometer Board, and more if time permits • Sensor Boards will be powered by batteries. • We will try to lower power consumption as much as possible • Test Power Consumption, based on transmission intervals • Ruggedized Casing • RF Data Modem • 3rd Revision by Expo • More Sensors (Voltage or Fluid Level) • More Mainboard Functions • Storage • Color LCD • 4 Layer Boards from 4pcb.com • Routing on Outside • Inner Layers will be Voltage (3.3V) and Ground • A couple of Sensors use 5V, we might split the voltage layer, or use a boost converter.

35. Long Range RF Modem • Car – PC Link that can send Data (i.e. Racetrack, Test drive) • 40 Mile Range • Monitor Sensor Data on Computer • Will be implemented in the second revision of the design • RS-232 Link (Already on Mainboard) • Implementing Software will be the main issue • We don’t have experience with creating packet structure

36. Power • Mainboard • 3.3V, 5V • Input of 9V for 1st PCB Revision • Input of 12V for 2nd PCB Revision (Car Battery) • Voltage Regulators to Step Down to 3.3V, and 5V • Boost Converter to 15 V • Sensor • 3.3V Power Source • Converters for Sensor Chips

37. Power • Our first PCB Revision will not be wireless and have a 9V Source. We will be using the power adapters from our development kit. • We will be using 9V with Voltage Regulators at 5V and 3.3V • Our second PCB Revision will focus on power conservation, and the sensor modules will be run by batter

38. LCD Interface • Proper Operation of LCD, needs 5 discreet voltages • Voltages Range from 3.3V to –12V • Logic – 3.3V • GND – 0 V • On/Off Voltages for LCD Pixels • Bias Voltage is -12V (Pixels, Contrast)

39. Power - LCD Interface • Power Circuit for Display • Adjusts Contrast • On/Off Voltages for Pixels

40. Updated Timeline

41. Parts

42. Questions?