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Justice in Islam

Justice in Islam. JEWISH-CHRISTIAN- MUSLIM DIALOGUE February 2007. What is Justice. Justice is the ideal, morally correct state of things and persons, whatever that contested ideal may turn out to mean (Wikipedia)

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Justice in Islam

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  1. Justice in Islam JEWISH-CHRISTIAN- MUSLIM DIALOGUE February 2007

  2. What is Justice • Justice is the ideal, morally correct state of things and persons, whatever that contested ideal may turn out to mean (Wikipedia) • Justice is a concept involving the fair, moral, and impartial treatment of all persons, especially in law

  3. What is Justice • Justice is the condition in which every person and every part of a whole (e.g. every part of the soul of a person, or every citizen or group in the state) performs its proper function and receives its proper reward. (John Howard Sobel)

  4. Definitions • Islam = Submission • Salam = Peace • Allah = God

  5. Islam • Doctrine • The set of beliefs • Law (shariah) • The systems that organize the relationships between Muslims, their Lord, their community, fellow human beings, the environment, and all creation

  6. Justice follows from the purpose of creation “We have indeed offered the Trust to the heavens, to the earth, and to the mountains, but they refused to undertake it and were afraid, but man undertook it.”(33:72)

  7. Justice is an objective of the Divine messages “Indeed, we sent our messengers with clear signs, and sent down with them The Book and The Scales of Justice that people may establish justice”(57:25)

  8. Justice follows from faith • “I have decreed that injustice is unlawful” • “Say, my Lord has commanded justice” (7:29) • “Certainly God commands justice”(16:90) • The Just, the Equitable

  9. Justice follows from equality “O’ People, We have created you from a single pair (a male and a female), and We have made you nations and tribes so that you get to know each other, the best of you is the one that is most conscious of God” (49: 13)

  10. Comprehensiveness of Justice • Justice in dealing with God • Justice in dealing with oneself • Justice in court • Justice in testimony • Justice with enemies • Social justice • Justice between nations

  11. Areas of Applying Justice • Personal • Social • Legal • Justice between nations

  12. Personal Justice • “One who transgresses the limits set by God has committed injustice against oneself”(65:3) • “When you speak be just even if the subject is of your kin”(6:152)

  13. Social Justice • Ownership of wealth • Trusteeship over wealth

  14. Distribution of wealth • “so that it may not become the exclusive property of the rich among you” (59:7) • Zakat (The poor dues) • Inheritance laws

  15. Legal judgments must uphold justice • “God commands you to return trusts to their rightful owners, and when you judge between people, judge with fairness” (4:58)

  16. Witnesses must bear testimony for justice • “O’ you who believe, stand firm for justice and bear witness for the sake of God, even though it be against yourselves, your parents, or your relatives. It does not matter whether the party is rich or poor” (4:135) • “O you who believe, Be steadfast for the sake of God and bear true witness and let not the enmity of a people incite you not do justice. Be just, this is nearer to righteousness.”(5:8)

  17. Justice must be observed in legal transactions • “O believers! When you deal with each other in lending for a fixed period of time, put it in writing. Let the scribe write it down with justice between the parties.” (2:282)

  18. Justice between nations • Peace • Just war • Justice in dealing with captives

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