1 / 35

ARIA intro

ARIA intro. WAI ARIA The problems being addressed Limitations of the web pidgin The old and new webs The ARIA solution ( roles, states, properties, regions, keyboard, user agent implementation guide) How to proceed... Tools and compliant systems. ARIA’s place in the scheme of things.

kateb
Download Presentation

ARIA intro

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. ARIA intro • WAI ARIA • The problems being addressed • Limitations of the web pidgin • The old and new webs • The ARIA solution (roles, states, properties, regions, keyboard, user agent implementation guide) • How to proceed... • Tools and compliant systems

  2. ARIA’s place in the scheme of things • W3C track (part of the Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) – like WCAG. • A W3C Draft Recommendation:(WAI-ARIA) http://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria/ • Dense! But different. Will see how…

  3. The problem: the pidgin of the web <div id=“masthead”> <ul id=“left”> <div id=“content”> <ul id=“right”> <li id=“yellthng”> <ol id=“footer”> HTML semantics != intended meaning

  4. The pidgin of the web, improved <h1id=“masthead”> <ul id=“left”><h2 /> <div id=“content”><h2 /> <ul id=“right”><h2 /> <li id=“yellowthg”><h3/> <ol id=“footer”><h2 /> etc… an example (CTools)

  5. AT has to rely on… • making sense of a vocabulary-poor pidgin language skewed for presentation • syntactical conventions • a well trained AT user – and a steep learning curve

  6. The old web • sequential flow of information (get and post) –init by client • logic on the server, client is just a get, post, and display technology Get and post Response

  7. The new web: asynchronous • Click “Like” • Server updated in the background • No new “page” • DOM manipulations from response: • “Like” > “Unlike” • “You like this” added • Comment box unhidden

  8. The new web: asynchronous (2) • Click on “View all 6 comments” • Data retrieved from server async, manipulated into markup and inserted into the DOM

  9. The WAI-ARIA solution • Enrich the markup to help AT users read • The document parts: landmark roles • The function of a fragment: all roles • Map events to a11y APIs to help AT interact with the new markup • States of a fragment with a role • Properties of a fragment with a role

  10. The WAI-ARIA solution

  11. Landmark roles: the problem being addressed <div id=“masthead”> <div id=“left”> ….etc • Presentational markup does not add non visual meaning • Headers, hidden text, etc. help.

  12. Non-ARIA solutions <h1 id="mast"> University of Michigan </h1> <h2 class="text">Topic-Based Site-Wide Navigation</h2> <div id="local"> <ul> <li> <a>About U-M</a> </li> Live example

  13. Adding non visual meaning to document parts http://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria/#roleattribute_inherits Example (Paciello Group) Full example (Univ Illin. U-C) application banner complementary contentinfo main navigation search ARIA Landmark roles

  14. Land mark roles: attribute/values <h1 role=“banner” /> <div role=“navigation”/> <div role=“main” /> <div role=“complementary” /> <div role=“search” /> <div role=“contentinfo” /> Accessible names and description – calculated (aria-label, aria-describedby, title)

  15. Content article definition grid heading (nestedness!) math note etc. (integration with HTML 5) Interactions application combobox dialog marquee progressbar toolbar etc. Other roles to structure:

  16. Role taxonomy is: • Descriptive (it does what the name says) • tooltip • tree • directory • Hierarchical • widget > menu > menuitem (or menuitemcheckbox, menuitemradio) • Grid > Row > ( gridcell, rowheader, columnheader)

  17. Role taxonomy is: • Related to other taxonomies (easy!) • A grid role is sort of a table • A heading role is sort of a HTML 4 <hx />. Much like a HTML 5 <heading /> • Structured (no DTD, but is coming) • Elements have • required/allowed parents • required/allowed children • Inheritance ----- but fuzzy

  18. Some role examples (1) • A set of nested articles <div role=“article”> <div role=“article”>….</div> <div role=“article”> <div role=“article”>….</div> <div role=“article”>….</div> </div> </div>

  19. Some role examples (2) • A tool bar (CTools) <ul role="menu"> <li aria-disabled="true"role="menuitem"> <span class="current">My Current Sites</span> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <span> <a title="Joinable Sites" href=“xxx">Joinable Sites</a> </span> </li> </ul>

  20. More complex role examples • CITA Radio button groups <h3 id="rg1_label">Lunch Options</h3> <ul id="rg1“ role="radiogroup“ aria-labelledby="rg1_label"> <li id="r1" tabindex="0" role="radio" aria-checked="false">Thai</li> <li id="r2" tabindex="-1" role="radio" aria-checked="false">Subway</li> <li id="r5" tabindex="0" role="radio" aria-checked="false">JJ</li> </ul>

  21. More complex role examples • CITA slider <div class="slider" id="sr1"> <img id="sr1_low" src="xxx" role="slider"/> <div id="sr1_low_text“ role="presentation">1950</div> <img id="sr1_high" src="xxx" role="slider" /> <div id="sr1_high_text“ role="presentation">2000</div> </div>

  22. Properties and states • Properties: less likely to change, essential of the object <h3 id=“id”>Widget label</h3> <widget aria-labelledby=“id” /> • States: likely to change in the interaction – store values to help AT Enter a number am not entering a number! <input aria-invalid=“true” /> • To help assistive technology user interact with the fragment

  23. More state examples • aria-disabled <button onclick=“disable(‘x’)” /> <object id=“x” aria-disabled=“true” /> • aria-hidden <button onclick=“hide(‘x’)” /> <object id=“x” aria-hidden=“true” /> • aria-expanded • <ul aria-expanded=“true”>

  24. Live Regions • Any element that may change • Some roles (timer, log, marquee, status) have default settings • aria-atomic (false, true) - [parts/whole] • aria-busy (false, true) • aria-live (off, polite, assertive) - [inherited] • aria-relevant (additions, removals, text, all)

  25. Live Regions Example (potential!) Chat Users present

  26. Keyboard A11y • Extending tabindex • tabindex=0 • Element can receive focus • tabindex=-1 • Element (and maybe its parts) will be focused programmatically

  27. Keyboard A11y - Examples • CITA Radio button groups (again) <h3 id="rg1_label">Lunch Options</h3> <ul id="rg1“ role="radiogroup“ aria-labelledby="rg1_label"> <li id="r1" tabindex="0" role="radio" aria-checked="false">Thai</li> <li id="r2" tabindex="-1" role="radio" aria-checked="false">Subway</li> <li id="r5" tabindex="0" role="radio" aria-checked="false">JJ</li> </ul>

  28. Adding ARIA • Adding landmark role attributes to static html • CTools (before / after) • Issues: • Non-valid attributes • Namespacing, browser quirks….

  29. Adding ARIA • Adding landmark role attributes dynamically – several techniques • Using class as seed • <div class=“cssClass axs navigation”> • Javascript parses class, adds all strings after axs as the value of a role. Adds role. • <div class=“cssClass” role=“navigation”>

  30. Adding landmark roles to Metafilter ariamap.json : { "id":"logo", "role":"banner" }, . . . . . $('#ariame').click(function(){ jQuery.ajax({ url: 'MetaFilter_files/ariamap.json', success: function(data){ for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) { var id = data[i].id; var role = data[i].role; $('#' + id).addClass('lime'); $('#' + id).attr('role', role); } }, error: function(){ // console.log(‘error! '); } }); }); Adding ARIA – mapping ids to roles

  31. document structure article heading list group directory definition input states and properties <input type="text" name=“name" id=“name" aria-required="true“ value="" /> (freedom from the *) <input type="text" name=“name" id=“name" aria-invalid="true“ value="" /> (after failed validation) Adding ARIA +(roles/states)

  32. Adding ARIA: using components/libraries • JQuery-UI • Example: JQuery-UI Dialog (CTools Site Info) • FLUID • Example: List Reorderer (CTools Assignments) • Dojo • Others…

  33. Integrating a FLUID compoment in CTools Assignments • Load FLUID library in the application <script type="text/javascript" src="/sakai-assignment-tool/fluid/Fluid-all.js"> </script> • Create small script to identify targets, load options var opts = { selectors: { movables: "[id^=assignment.orderable]" }, listeners: {onBeginMove: preserveStatus, afterMove: registerChange} }; return fluid.reorderList("#assignment-reorder", opts); });

  34. FLUID: CTools Assignments • Customize FLUID callbacks • onBeginMove: preserveStatus • afterMove: registerChange • Style elements and states • .orderable-selected • .orderable-drop-marker • .orderable-hover • .orderable-dragging • .orderable-avatar

  35. Links • Working Draft • http://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria/ • A very nice introduction from Opera dev • http://dev.opera.com/articles/view/introduction-to-wai-aria/ • FLUID Project • http://www.fluidproject.org/ • iCITA ARIA Examples • http://test.cita.illinois.edu/

More Related