主讲：王君 2004.9.1

1. 高级英语写作 第一讲 主讲：王君 2004.9.1

2. Activity 1. Purpose of writing • Task 1. Feelings about English writing • ① Mini-talk • Different people have different feelings about English writing. • Some are Positive. Some are negative. • ② Read and decide "P" or "N" to the extracts .

3. Task 2. Your feelings about English Writing • Now try to write down how you feel abort English writing and then share your idea with us. If you find it difficult, you can consult the extracts we have just read. • Example: • I like English writing. because I find it easier to express myself in English than in Chinese. For example:努力学习,I only say :"work hard." 我很挂念你, I only say :"I miss you very much." Especially when I have to type it out, typing English letters is much easier than typing Chinese characters because I am not good at typing. So if I want to send an e-mail, I prefer typing in English to typing in Chinese. Luckily, most of my friends and relatives can understand what I write in English.

4. Why do we do task 1 and 2 ? • reasons: • ①to Look back into yourself discover yourself. • ②to diagnose your own learning problem to find some measures.

5. Task 3. What you write. • In our daily life, we write different kind of things for different purposes. Tick the items you have written before in English or that you will probably write in the future. • Then share what you Tick off with us.

6. Task 4 Why you write. • Just now we tick the items off. • What is the purpose of each item. • to tell others something? • to describe something? • to report on events. • to persuade. • to entertain. • Write 100 words on the kind of things you write and tell me your purpose.

7. Chinese 1.no address in the letter 2.to adopt a more humble tone, addressing the receiver with respect and trying to be modest. to add personal detail to cultivate a more human relationship. 3. informal, closer to the spokenlanguage. English 1.Write your address on the upper right-hand side. (Write the recipient's address on upper left-hand side) 2. to be straight forward, stating the purpose immediately. 3. formal, written English the business like the nature of the message. Activity 2 Types of English Writing.Task 1 Differences between English and Chinese writing

8. Task 2.Comparing different Types of writing. • In Activity 1 Task 3,we know there are different types of writing, such as: memo, notice, form report, instruction, advertisement, story, play and etc. • Now look at some extracts taken from different types of writing. They have got the same topic but they are expressed in different way. • Read P.16~ 18 and decide what they are. • What make you think so?

9. Text 1 It follows a time order, describing one event following another. It contains "direct speech" in words or in mind. The language is informal. Text 2 A Notice The passive voice to warn and advise and the imperative to give instruction are frequently used. The language is formal. Text 3 A newspaper article. Paragraphs are short. Direct quotations from interview are often used There is a heading which only contains some Key words. The language is informal.

10. Text 4 A letter • There are some incomplete sentences and colloquialisms. It is close to spoken English • The language is informal. • But business letters are formal. • Text 5 An essay • Ideas are supported by facts • References of the works if others and evidence are provided. • Some sentences are long and Passive voice is often used. • The Language is formal

11. Task 4 Writing Practice • Could you tell something about Bicycle Theft? Have you lost a Bicycle? • Write an assignment based on one of the styles we learned just now. • For example: Write a report about theft or a letter to a friend about having something stolen or a notice warning others.

12. Activity 3 Stages in Writing Process • If we want to write something we finish it in a few steps though you haven't noticed it yet. Compare yours with those of others to find some ways of improving our writing. • Task 1 Thinking about How You Write. • Answer the question on P.22 • Task 2. Identifying Stages of the Writing Process • Do Ex on Page 24

13. Prewriting: 1. Different purposes call for different approaches. 2.Thinking about your eventual audience. Writing: Add new ideas and modify your plan. Rewriting: 1.Spelling and grammar. 2.Range of sentence. 3.Overall structure. Task 3. Prewriting. Writing and Rewriting

14. 高级英语写作 第二讲 主讲：王君 2004.9.8

15. Activity 4 Features of Good WritingTask I Comparing three Pieces of Writings

16. Task 2 Identifying Features of a well-written English text • 1. Layout = It should comply with convention. • Space, indention (the first line of the paragraph should be further in.), handwriting or typeface. • 2. Language: spelling, grammar, punctuation should be correct and well used • 3. Keep to the topic • Ideas should be well developed and organized with correct coherent words • To give enough evidences or examples do support the ideas.

17. Task 3. Unscrambling a Text • Find the relating part among the sentences. P33-34 • Task 4. Reflecting on how texts are arranged • Ideas should be grouped and led smoothly from one to another

18. Activity 5 How well are you doing marking schemeTask I How to mark • to use symbols to indicate what kinds of mistakes have been made. • / This word is not necessary. delete • ^ Add words • A Agreement between Subject and verb • C Capitalization • P Punctuation • Sp Spelling • V Wrong verb form • Ww Wrong word • Wo Word order • # Insert one letter space

19. Task 2. Preparing to assess your classmates' work at the Tutorial Session • ① Study the example of the assessment and learn to assess an article. • ② Then assess your classmate's written assignment • a: use the symbol we use just new. • b: complete the assessment table.

20. Activity 6 A Study Plan. Long-term goal: to become a good English writer Short-term aim: to improve your own writing Write out some short-term aims based on the assessment of your writing.

21. Task 2. Keeping Vocabulary Records When we learn a word, we should know ① spelling ② part of speech ③ pronunciation ④ the place in a sentence ⑤ use Think out your own ways and write down to show us. I think when you learn a new word, you'd better make a sentence with it to keep the word in mind

22. Task 3. Writing a Study Plan To write a study plan long-term goal: methods? short-term aims: Task 4. Review Practice makes perfect.

23. Unit2 Correspondence Lecture Three

24. 1.How can letters be grouped? • Letters can be grouped into two groups : • ① business-like-------formal letters • ② personal -----------formal letters • or informal letters • (depending on the relationship)

25. 2.Activity 1 Letter FormatTask 1 Components of a letter • ①Comparing a Chinese personal letter with an English personal letter • ②Components of a formal letter:

26. ①return address ② date line ③inside address ④ salutation ⑤ body ⑥ complimentary close ⑦ signature ⑧ printed name of sender postscript(P.S.)

27. ①    Notes: The signature should be hand-written in cursive script and not written out in capital letters. • The title of the sender can be written below the printed name. • ④ Ex. P55--56

28. Task 2 Questions about Parts of a letter ①The order of the date: ⑴ Bri.E: date/month/year eg.17/9/2001 , 17 th September 2001, 17 September 2001 ⑵ Am.E: month/date/year eg. 9/17/2001, September 17th ,2001 , September 17,2001 ⑶ Ex:p.58 1.

29. Dear Mr. Smith , To a gentleman Dear Mrs. Smith , To a married lady Dear Dr./Prof. Smith , To either a man or a woman Dear Ms Brown , To a lady you don't know if she is married Dear Sir , To a gentleman you don't know his name Dear Madam , To a lady you don't know her name Dear Sir or Madam , To a person you don't know the sex To whom it may concern , It only used on letters in which you authorize someone to do something for you. Sir /Madam , Very formal, rarely used now ①Salutation : ⑴ Formal Salutation ★Americans use a colon ( : ) instead of a comma ( , ) after the salutation.

30. Dear Mary: Among friends Mary: In a message Dearest Rosa: An elder to a younger My dear Tom: An elder to a younger Dear Brother/Sister: Among brothers and sisters Dear Dad/Mum: To parents Dear Madam Minister: To a woman official Respected Brother/Sister: Among brothers and sisters Dear Colleague: To several or all colleagues ⑵ Informal Salutation ⑶ Ex: p.58 2--4

31. Complimentary close • ⑴ Formal closing compliments • Respectfully yours, Respectfully, • Very truly yours, Yours truly, Yours very truly, • Very cordially yours, Cordially yours, Yours cordially, • Very sincerely yours, Most sincerely yours, • Yours fainthfully , Sincerely yours,

32. ⑵ Informal closing compliments • Sincerely, Sincerely yours, • Best wishes, All the best, • Best regards, Kindest regards, Warmest regards, • (To a intimate) Love, All my love, Your loving, Yours ever, • (To families) Yours affectionately, • ⑶ Ex: p.58 5--6

33. Task 3 Writing letters in appropriate formats • Practice writing letter formats: • Ex: p.60

34. Activity 2 Personal and informal letters • Task 1 A scrambled letter • Learn to write the body of a personal and informal letter. • Ex: p.63 • Task 2 Identifying features of informal letters • ①Give the answers to the questions on p.65. • ②Fill in the table on p.66.

35. Task 3 Identifying the purposes of informal letters • ①to invite people • ②to accept or refuse invitations • ③to make requests to people • ④to complain or to apologize • ⑤to congratulate on success or to console for misfortune • ⑥to thank people

36. Unit2 Correspondence Lecture Four

37. Activity 3 Formal LettersTask 1 Identifying the features of formal letter • ①business letter:⑴ written by individual to companies or officials • ⑵ written by managers or secretaries representing companies or institutions. • ②Go through the letters on p.71 and decide which one is more appropriate in style and tone.(letter A is better) • Features of informal letters: incomplete sentences • use of contraction and idiomatic phrases • showing strong emotions • use of filler words • short sentences

38. Features of formal letters: • ⑴ stating the purpose directly at the beginning: I'm writing for the information about… • ⑵ giving precise information: I plan to stay in Singapore for a week…and words: "the documents required" instead of what I should • show you". • ⑶ making requests in a negotiation tone of voice: "I wonder if I need to…"instead of "Do I need…?" • ⑷ using formal words: use "inform" instead of "tell ". • ⑸ using effective words (expressing an idea in one word instead of a sentence): use 'via' instead of 'stop …on my way'. • ⑹ sounding polite: I should be grateful if you could let me know…

39. Task 2 Useful Structures in Formal Letter Writing • ①Summary: • Formal letter writing needs: • ⑴ a precise description of the writer's situation and need • ⑵ a careful planning of paragraphs • ⑶ a good choice of sentence structure and vocabulary • ⑷ a polite tone voice

40. ② Useful structures • ⑴ Start the letter by stating your purpose directly: I am writing because … • ⑵ Make requests in a polite way: I wonder if… • ⑶ Show your gratitude: I would appreciate it if you could…

41. Task 3 Revising a Formal Letter • Revise the letter on p.76 and then reorganize it according to the standard features. • Compare it with the letter on p.77.

42. Personal information Name Sex: (male or female) Address: (temporary address or permanent address, Tel, fax number or email address) Date of birth: Marital Status: Children: Nationality: Religion: Health: Language: Education (according to the time order) Work experience Special interests/hobbies publications (according to the time order) Other information Honors: Skills: References Task 4 Identifying Main Components in a Curriculum Vitae

43. Task 5 Giving Heading to a CV Task 6 Writing Your own CV

44. Activity 4 Addressing an EnvelopeTask 1 Identifying the Parts used in Writing a Chinese Envelope A: recipient's post code B: recipient's address _____________________________ C: recipient's name and title D: sender's address and name stamp

45. Task 2 Identifying the Parts used in Writing an English Envelope A: sender's name stamp B: sender's address C: recipient's title and name D: recipient's address

46. Chinese English title and name name+ title title +name address (name of the country) Name of the city Name of the road Number of the building or house (Number of the flat) (Number of the flat), number of the building or house, name of the road Name of the city, post code★ (name of the country) Task 3 Address, name and title *Chinese post code appear on the left -hand side upper corner, separately above the address

47. Task 4 Small matters on an envelope • 1.Printed Matter • 2.Photos Enclosed or Please Do Not Bend • 3.Par Avion (by airmail) • 4.Please Forward (the sender would like the letter to be sent on to the recipient whose new address the sender does not know.) • 5.Miss Amanda Peters c/o Mr. David Clinton (the sender asks Mr. David Clinton to pass the letter to Miss Amanda Peters. "c/o" means "care of" . The address should be Mr. David Clinton.)

48. Activity 5 Principles of Good Letter WritingTask 1 Predicting Principles of Good Letter Writing • Write a list of skills for good letter writing

50. Task 2 Checking your predictions Listen to the tape and check that your ideas coincide the key points in the talk. Task 3 Taking notes of the lecture Task 4 Listening to Markers Markers: which we use to indicate division between different topics, e.g. firstly, for one thing,etc.