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The Scarlet Letter

The Scarlet Letter. critical analysis by mckenzie frey. Nathaniel Hawthorne. Family History: William Hathorne & John Hathorne Nathaniel Hathorne , Sr. Early Feminine Influences: Elizabeth (Betsey) Clarke Manning Hathorne sisters & Manning relatives Peabody sisters.

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The Scarlet Letter

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  1. The Scarlet Letter critical analysis by mckenziefrey

  2. Nathaniel Hawthorne • Family History: • William Hathorne & John Hathorne • Nathaniel Hathorne, Sr. • Early Feminine Influences: • Elizabeth (Betsey) Clarke Manning • Hathorne sisters& Manning relatives • Peabody sisters

  3. Patriarchal authority 1820-1875: • Separate gender spheres—public & private • Masculine vs. Feminine & “The Angel in the House” • Republican Motherhood— • Women raised leaders of American Nation • “Instruct by example”—Lydia Maria Child • “Women serve as stewards and prisoners”—Philip Gould

  4. The Sentimental Novel • Between 1800-1860: • Novels written by women for women • “Seduction plots”—heroines fall—often die • —Male characters: aggressive, sensual, Godless • “Repetition of plot and characters” –Leonard Tennenhouse • Hawthorne’s reaction

  5. Hawthorne’s novella • Critiques: Gender roles & gender spheres • Deconstructs: Gender stereotypes • Praises: Feminine dominance in society • Advocates: Unity of gender spheres

  6. My Critical analysis • Focuses on: • Reversals of gender roles • Revising the female prisoner • Emasculation • Foil characters of Hester and Pearl • Value of paternal acknowledgement

  7. Deconstruction of public and private spheres: • Emasculation of physical structures • Highlights masculine qualities juxtaposed with feminine • Prison & rose bush • Women beyond the private sphere • Breaking the sentimental stereotype

  8. Immortal flower: pearl • Does not wither in feminine qualities • Lois Cuddy quote • Pearl is Hester’s foil • Linking back to notions of Republican Motherhood • Karen Kilcup quote • Pearl questions Dimmesdale’s integrity

  9. Bringing it all together • Dimmesdale liberates Pearl: • Severs bond between mother and daughter • Pearl enacts the role of the sentimental heroine • Dimmesdale’s paternity prevails

  10. conclusion

  11. Works cited • Bensick, Carol M. "Partly Sympathy and Partly Rebellion." Hawthorne and Women: Engendering and Expanding the Hawthorne Tradition. Ed. John Jr. L. Idol and Melinda M. Ponder. Amherst: University of Massachussetts Press, 1999. 159-167. Print. • Colacurcio, Micheal. "'The Woman's Own Choice': Sex, Metaphor, and the Puritan 'Sources' of The Scarlet Letter." Colacurcio, Micheal. New Essays on The Scarlet Letter. New York: Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge, 1985. 101-129. Print. • Goodenough, Elizabeth N. "Demons of Wickedness, Angels of Delight." Hawthorne and Women: Engendering and Expanding the Hawthorne Tradition. Ed. John Jr. L. Idol and Melinda M. Ponder. Amherst: University of Massachussetts Press, 1999. 226-236. Print. • Gould, Philip. "Revisiting the "Feminization" of American Culture." differences: A Journal of Feminist Cultural Studies 11.3 (1999): i-xii. Web. <http://go.galegroup.com/ps/retrieve.do?sgHitCountType=None&sort=RELEVANCE&inPS=true&prodId=LitRG&userGroupName=loras&tabID=T001&searchId=R1&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&contentSegment=&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&currentPosition=1&contentSet=GALE%7CA69300>. • Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. New York: Simon & Schuster Inc., 1963. Print. • Johnson, Claudia Durst. "Discord in Concord." Hawthorne and Women: Engendering and Expanding the Hawthorne Tradition. Ed. John Jr. L. Idol and Melinda M. Ponder. Amherst: University of Massachussetts Press, 1999. 104-119. Print. • Kilcup, Karen. "Emily Dickinson's Pearls." Hawthorne and Women: Engendering and Expanding the Hawthorne Tradition. Ed. John Jr. L. Idol and Melinda M. Ponder. Amherst: University of Massachussetts Press, 1999. 237-249. Print. • Romero, Lora. "A Society Controlled by Women: An Overview." Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Kathy D. Darrow. Detroit: Duke University Press, 1997. 11-34. Web. <http://go.galegroup.com/ps/retrieve.do?sgHitCountType=None&sort=RELEVANCE&inPS=true&prodId=LitRG&userGroupName=loras&tabID=T001&searchId=R2&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&contentSegment=&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&currentPosition=2&contentSet=GALE%7CH14201>. • Tennenhouse, Leonard. "Libertine America." differences: A Journal of Feminists Cultural Studies 11.3 (1999): 1-25. Web. <http://go.galegroup.com/ps/retrieve.do?sgHitCountType=None&sort=RELEVANCE&inPS=true&prodId=LitRG&userGroupName=loras&tabID=T001&searchId=R10&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&contentSegment=&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&currentPosition=2&contentSet=GALE%7CA6930>.

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