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Jewish Worship as Matrix for Christian Worship: Time. Daily Weekly Monthly Yearly. Time. Vocabulary: no general word for “time”, nor for “past”, “present”, or “future” ayt = instant or duration of time during which something occurs
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Jewish Worship as Matrix for Christian Worship: Time Daily Weekly Monthly Yearly
Time • Vocabulary: no general word for “time”, nor for “past”, “present”, or “future” • ayt = instant or duration of time during which something occurs • ‘olam = immeasurable time, whether past or future (NOT the same as “eternal”) • mo’ed = “fixed time” (e.g., a festival)
Day (Yom) • Usually calculated from sunset to sunset (Ps 55:17 = “evening, morning, and noon”), but could also refer to sunrise to sunset • Domestic and Synagogal Daily Prayer • Dawn (Shema Israel + Shemoneh Esreh) • Dusk (Shema Israel + Shemoneh Esreh) • Afternoon (Shemoneh Esreh) • Daily Prayer in the Temple • Morning (Holocaust: Exodus 29:38-42 ; 30:7-8; Numbers 28:2-8) • Evening/Afternoon (Holocaust)
Week (Shev’uach) • Days numbered “first” through “sixth”, followed by “Shabbat” (Genesis 2:2-3; Exodus 20:10-11)
Month • Yereach = “moon” / Chodesh = “new moon” • New Moon = festival day (1 Samuel 20:5, 18, 24; 2 Kings 4:23; Isaiah 1:13-14) • Full Moon = mid-month (festivals include Pesach/Massoth and Sukkot)
Year • Nisan [Abib] March/April • Iyyar [Ziv] April/May • Sivan May/June • Tammuz June/July • Ab July/August • Elul August/September
Tishri [Ethanim] September/October • Marchesvan [Bul] October/November • Chislev November/December • Tebeth December/January • Shebat January/February • Adar February/March