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History and Core Concepts of Cognitive Linguistics

History and Core Concepts of Cognitive Linguistics. Laura A. Janda laura.janda @ uit.no. Eleanor Rosch ( Psychology ): Structure of human cognitive categories. Showed that human cognitive categories are not Aristotelian categories , but instead have: Prototypes

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History and Core Concepts of Cognitive Linguistics

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  1. Historyand CoreConceptsofCognitiveLinguistics Laura A. Janda laura.janda@uit.no

  2. Eleanor Rosch (Psychology):Structureof human cognitivecategories • Showedthat human cognitivecategoriesare not Aristoteliancategories, butinstead have: • Prototypes • Radial structureofcategories • Confirmed for structureofexistingcategories (fruits & vegetables), for buildingofnewcategories (color), and for inferencing (birds) • Inspiredmanyworks in linguisticsthatlaidthegroundwork for cognitivelinguistics • Fillmore, Kay, McDaniel, Coleman, Lakoff (Rosch1973a-b, 1978; Mervis and Rosch1981)

  3. Earlyworks in linguisticsinspired by Rosch • Fillmore 1975, 1978, 1982: • questions necessary & sufficient features for describing meaning >> replace by radial categories/frame semantics • Kay and McDaniel 1978 • On the linguistic significance of the meanings of basic color terms • Coleman and Kay 1981 • English lie as a protoype (+falsehood is actually the least predictive “feature”) • Lakoff 1977 • Linguistic gestalts

  4. Otherprecursorsofcognitivelinguistics • Lakoff & Johnson 1980: Metaphors We Live By • Ubiquity of metaphor – not just a literary device • Lindner 1981: UP and OUT • structured polysemy of grammatical morphemes, metaphor • Casad 1982: Cora locationals • spatial relations and theirextensions • Fauconnier 1985: Mental Spaces • IdealizedCognitive Model as alternative to “possibleworlds” – a situationmay hold true for a mental spacebut not for reality • Lakoff1987: Women, Fire and Dangerous Things • radial categorystructureoflinguistic units • Brugman 1988: Story ofOVER • polysemy, semantics, and thestructureofthelexicon

  5. No single “guru”, butLangacker stands out Foundations ofCognitiveGrammar(1987, 1991) Concept, Image, and Symbol: The Cognitive Basis ofGrammar(1990) Grammar and Conceptualization(1999) CognitiveGrammar. A Basic Introduction(2008) • Construal • Profiling • SymbolicStructures and SymbolicAssemblies • Elaboration • Subjectification

  6. Someother major players • Croft: Radical Construction Grammar, Verbal aspect • Dabrowska: Acquisition (chunking), non-uniform grammars • Geeraerts: Sociolinguisticvariation, historicalchange • Goldberg: Construction grammar • Talmy: Fictive motion, limits ofgrammaticalexpression(topological vs. Euclidean), sattelite vs. verb framing • Taylor: Linguisticcategorization, possession • Tomasello: Verb-islandhypothesis, joint attention, languageevolution • Turner: Blending

  7. ICLA conferences • Duisburg, Germany 1989 • Santa Cruz, CA 1991 • Leuven, Belgium 1993 • Albuquerque, New Mexico, 1995 • Amsterdam, Netherlands 1997 • Stockholm, Sweden 1999 • Santa Barbara, CA 2001 • La Rioja, Spain 2003 • Seoul, Korea 2005 • Krakow, Poland 2007 • Xi’an, China 2011 • Edmonton, Alberta, Canada 2013

  8. “Tier I” (Nivå 2) International journal since 1989… Currently edited by Ewa Dąbrowska (Sheffield U)

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