An Introduction to Visual Basic 2005

1. An Introduction to Visual Basic 2005

2. Objectives • Explain the history of programming languages • Define the terminology used in object-oriented programming • Explain the role of the .NET Framework class library and Common Language Runtime (CLR) • Create a Visual Basic 2005 Windows-based application • Manage the windows in the Integrated Development Environment (IDE) • Print a project’s code • Add a control to a form • Set the properties of an object • Enter code in the Code Editor window • Save a solution

3. Terms • Programs: instructions given to computers • Programmers: people who write programs • Applications programmers: write and maintain programs to handle specific tasks • Systems programmers: write and maintain programs that run the system, such as operating systems, device drivers, utilities

4. A Brief History of Programming Languages • Programming languages: used to communicate with the computer • Machine language (or machine code): • Instructions are written in 0s and 1s • Only way to communicate directly with the computer • Assembly languages: use mnemonics for instructions • Mnemonics: alphabetic abbreviations for instructions

5. A Brief History of Programming Languages (continued) • Assembler: program that converts assembly language instructions into machine code • High-level languages: • Instructions resemble English language • Require an interpreter or compiler to convert high-level language to machine code • Interpreter: translates high-level instructions line-by-line as the program runs • Compiler: translates entire program into machine code before running the program

6. A Brief History of Programming Languages (continued) • Procedure-oriented program: one that focuses on individual tasks and their sequence • Object-oriented program: one that focuses on objects the program can use to accomplish its goal

7. OOP Terminology • OOP: Object-oriented programming • OOD: Object-oriented design • Object: • Represents a real-world entity • Attributes (or properties): describe the object • Methods: behaviors or operations the object can perform • Class: blueprint used to create an object

8. OOP Terminology (continued) • Encapsulation: the class contains all the attributes and behaviors of the object created from the class • Instance: an object created from a class • Abstraction: the hiding of internal details of an object • Exposed: attributes and behaviors that are not hidden • Inheritance: ability to create one class from another

9. OOP Terminology (continued) • Derived class: a new class created from another by inheritance • Base class: the class used to create the new class • Polymorphism: allows the same instructions to be carried out differently depending on the object

10. Visual Studio 2005 • Integrated Development Environment (IDE): • Contains all the tools and features needed to create, run, and test programs • Includes an editor and compiler • Visual Studio 2005: • IDE used to create Windows or Web-based programs • Includes Visual Basic 2005, Visual C++ 2005, Visual C# 2005, and Visual J# 2005

11. Visual Studio 2005 (continued) • Application: program or suite of programs • Windows-based application: • Has a Windows user interface • Runs on a desktop computer • User interface: what the user sees and interacts with when using an application

12. Visual Studio 2005 (continued) • Web-based application: • Has a Web user interface • Runs on a server • Use a computer browser to access it • Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0: a platform on which you create applications • .NET languages: the programming languages included in Visual Studio • .NET applications: applications created with Visual Studio

13. Visual Studio 2005 (continued) • .NET Framework class library: • Contains an extensive set of classes for use in .NET applications • Reduces development time by providing reusable code • Provides consistency among applications

14. The Common Language Runtime • .NET language compilers translate program statements into a Microsoft Intermediate Language, also called Intermediate Language (IL) • Common Language Runtime (CLR): • Manages the execution of IL instructions • Just-in-time (JIT) compiler: translates IL into machine code • CLR allows compiled IL to be reused, regardless of which .NET language was used to create it

15. Solutions, Projects, and Files • Solution: a container that stores projects and files for an entire application • Project: a container that stores files associated with a specific part of the solution

16. Starting Microsoft Visual Studio 2005

17. Starting Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 (continued)

18. Starting Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 (continued)

19. Creating a Visual Basic 2005 Windows-Based Application

20. Creating a Visual Basic 2005 Windows-Based Application (continued)

21. Creating a Visual Basic 2005 Windows-Based Application (continued)

22. Managing the Windows in the IDE

23. The Windows Form Designer Window • Windows Form Designer window: • Allows you to create (design) the GUI • Graphical User Interface (GUI): what the user sees and interacts with when using the application • Windows Form object (or form): • Adds other objects such as buttons and textboxes to create the GUI • Instance of the Windows Form class • Automatically instantiated when you create an application

24. The Windows Form Designer Window (continued)

25. The Solution Explorer Window • Solution Explorer window: • Displays a list of projects contained in this solution • Displays the items contained in each project

26. The Solution Explorer Window (continued) • Project Designer window: • Open by right-clicking on project folder • Allows you to set options for the project • Contains 9 tabs with groups of options

27. The Solution Explorer Window (continued)

28. The Solution Explorer Window (continued)

29. The Solution Explorer Window (continued) • Source file: a file containing program instructions • Code: program instructions • Form file: a file containing code associated with a Windows form object

30. The Properties Window • Properties window: displays properties of selected object • Default property values are assigned when an object is created

31. The Properties Window (continued)

32. The Properties Window (continued) • Properties window includes an Object box and a Properties list • Object box: • Located immediately below Properties window title bar • Contains the name of the selected object • Properties list: • Left column displays names of properties • Settings box: Right column containing the current value of each property

33. Properties of a Windows Form Object

34. Properties of a Windows Form Object (continued) • Class definition: block of code that defines the attributes and behaviors of an object • Namespace: defines a group of related classes • Dot member access operator: the period that separates words in an object’s name • Name property: used to refer to an object in code • Hungarian notation: naming convention using a 3 or more character prefix to represent the object type • Camel casing: lowercase prefix, uppercase first letter of each word

35. Properties of a Windows Form Object (continued) • Pascal case: • First letter and first letter of each word is uppercase • First part of name is object’s purpose • Second part of name is object’s class • Textproperty: controls the caption displayed on form’s title bar • StartPositionproperty: determines the form’s position on the screen when application starts • Splash screen: first image to appear when application starts

36. Properties of a Windows Form Object (continued)

37. The Toolbox Window • Toolbox: • Contains tools used to create an application • Each tool represents a class from which to instantiate objects • Controls: • Objects displayed on a form • Are represented as icons in the toolbox • Can be locked in place on the form • Control names use camel casing

38. The Toolbox Window (continued)

39. The Toolbox Window (continued)

40. The Label Tool • Label tool: represents a label control • Label control: • Displays text that user cannot edit • Used as “prompts” to explain controls or display output

41. The Label Tool (continued)

42. The Label Tool (continued)

43. The Button Tool • Button tool: represents a button control • Button control: • Performs an immediate action when clicked

44. The Button Tool (continued)

45. The Button Tool (continued)

46. The Code Editor Window • Events: user actions while program is running • Event procedure: set of instructions to be executed when an event occurs • Code editor: used to enter programming code

47. The Code Editor Window (continued)

48. The Code Editor Window (continued)

49. The Code Editor Window (continued)

50. The Code Editor Window (continued) • Keyword: has special meaning in a programming language • Sub procedure: block of code that performs a task • Event’s Procedure header: • Begins with keyword Private • Procedure name includes object name and event name • Handles clause indicates for which objects’ events this code will execute