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New Leaders and New Ideas in Europe during the 1930s. World History. Consider the following political candidates and vote for the one you would like to lead your country. Candidate #1 A womanizer with self-interested policies and very bad health. Candidate #2
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New Leaders and New Ideasin Europe during the 1930s World History
Consider the following political candidates and vote for the one you would like to lead your country. • Candidate #1 • A womanizer with self-interested policies and very bad health. • Candidate #2 • An alcoholic with a defiant mouth and attitude. • Candidate #3 • A decorated war hero that wants to create a stable economy.
So, who did you vote for? • Candidate #1 • Franklin D. Roosevelt • Candidate #2 • Winston Churchill • Candidate #3 • Adolf Hitler
Totalitarianism These theories are completely different theories that are opposed to one another; however they demonstrate the same behavior.
How did Totalitarianism come about? • Step 1 – Treaty of Versailles. • Step 2 – Stock Market Crash of 1929. • Step 3 – Great Depression of the 1930s. • Step 4 – Increased influence from new political parties that emphasized government control. • Step 5 – Total control of the government by a dictator.
Characteristics of Totalitarianism • Government establishes complete control of all aspects of the state. • Political, military, economy, social, and cultural. • Highly nationalistic. • Flags, salutes, rallies, and uniforms. • Strict controls and laws. • Military state. • Secret police, army, and navy.
Characteristics of Totalitarianism • Censorship. • Opposing literature and ideas. • Propaganda • Media • Radio, newspapers, and posters. • One leader • A charismatic dictator. • Total conformity of people to ideas and the leader. • Terror and Fear.
Soviet Communism • Also known as “Stalinism”. • Stalin was the leader of the Soviet Union from 1922-1953. • Combines elements of communism with a totalitarian and military state.
Fascism • Fascism’s name comes from the “fasces”. • An ancient Roman symbol of authority. • Intense nationalism and elitists mindset. • Totalitarian control • Interests of the state more important than individual rights. • Maintains class system and private ownership. • Most well known example is in Italy. • Lead by Benito Mussolini from 1922-1943.
Nazism • Extreme form of Fascism, Nationalism, and Totalitarianism. • Based on the beliefs of the National Socialist German Workers Party. • Belief in a superior race. • The Aryan or “master race”. • Belief that all Germans should have a “living space” in Europe. • Violent hatred of Jews. • Belief that Jews were the cause of all of Germany’s problems. • Led by Adolf Hitler from 1933-1945.