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Galina V. Roslik, Irina V. Kartavtseva

THE KOREAN FIELD MOUSE APODEMUS PENINSULAE (RODENTIA) AS A MODEL STUDY OF B CHROMOSOME POLYMORPHISM IN MAMMALIA. Galina V. Roslik, Irina V. Kartavtseva Institute of Biology & Soil Science, FEB RAS, Vladivostok, (Russia).

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Galina V. Roslik, Irina V. Kartavtseva

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  1. THE KOREAN FIELD MOUSE APODEMUS PENINSULAE (RODENTIA) AS A MODEL STUDY OF B CHROMOSOME POLYMORPHISM IN MAMMALIA Galina V. Roslik, Irina V. Kartavtseva Institute of Biology & Soil Science, FEB RAS, Vladivostok, (Russia)

  2. Supernumerary (or Additional, or B) chromosomes – are enigmatic part of the eukariotic genome. Theproblemof B chromosomepolymorphismisveryimportantforunderstandingtheexistenceandroleofthe "extra" DNA intheMammalia. B chromosomepolymorphismiswidely distributed in plants and rarely in animals. B chromosomes have near 50 (Vujošević, Blagojević, 2004) or – 70 (Трифонов и др., 2010)speciesof Mammals..

  3. The standard chromosome setof the Korean field mouse, Apodemus peninsulaecontains 48 acrocentric chromosomes , and supernumerary chromosomes varying in number from 0 to 30- in Siberia and from 0 to 7 in the Russian Far East. The B chromosomemorphotypes are different in size (vary from big to small) and morphology (vary from macro to micro Bs, more frequently meta-, submetacentrics and micro Bs and rare subtelo-, acrocentrics and mini Bs).

  4. THE AIM OF THE WORK WAS: • To analyse B chromosome polymorphism of the Korean field mouse Apodemus peninsulae Thomas 1906 using different cytogenetic methods and approaches

  5. Routine methods: • - the total number of chromosomes and identify as A and B chromosomes • - the diversity of their size and morphology (morphotype) of B chromosomes • - the nature of mosaicism (cellular clones)

  6. KARYOTYPE OF Apodemus peninsulae (A) AND B CHROMOSOME MORPHOTYPES:B – 1-6 GROUPS, C – SCHEME A B X V X V x v x(,)v(,) .. M/SM,ST M/SM,ST M,SM ST/A mini (M/A) micro C

  7. B CHROMOSOME MORPHOTYPES IN A. PENINSULAE Primorskii Region Khabarovsk Region 2 2 1 3 1 2 3 4 2 3 2n=48+3B Giemsa staining 2n=48+7B Acetoorcein staining Numbers – groups of B chromosome morphotypes

  8. DISTRIBUTION OF B CHROMOSOME MORPHOTYPES IN THE FAR EAST A – animals with slable karyotype; B – mosaics (summarized data), C - one locality – Ussuriiskii Reserve. Arabic numerals – number of specimens Scheme of B chromosome morphotypes are given in the legend B A aA • The combinations of the clones were often unique in mosaics. C C

  9. AREA AND DISTRIBUTION OF B CHROMOSOME MORPHOTYPES IN A. PENINSULAE • our data, • 41 clons – Transbaikalia, Chita, Tuva Regions • (Roslik, Kartavtseva, 2003) • and 78 individual clones – • The Far East of Russia • Roslik, Kartavtseva, 2012) • literature data, • 192 clones – Siberia • (Borisov,1990; 2008; 2010; • Borisov, Bochkarev, • 2008)

  10. DIFFERENTIAL METHODS: • the autosomic pairs, • sex chromosomes, • the peculiarities and patterns of structural organization of A and B chromosomes

  11. DIFFERENTIAL STAINING OFA. PENINSULAECHROMOSOMES:a – С – banding, В = 14, West Siberia, b – G – banding, В = 3,Primorkii Reg., c – Q–banding, В = 5, Khabarovskii Reg. c б a b Arrows – macro B chromosomes,arrowheads– micro B chromosomes. a, b –Kartavtseva, Roslik, 2004; c –Roslik, 2006.

  12. SHEME OF DIFFERENTIAL PATTERNS OF В CHROMOSOMES а – С- banding, b – G – banding (after:Borisov, 1981 and Borbiev, 1991) 17 18 19 a b 10 11 12 13 14 SIBERIA IN THE FAR EAST OF RUSSIA: a) only types №№ 5 or 8; b) types №№ 5, 7, 11, 13 or new № 15 – Novolitovsk, Primorskii Reg. (Kartavtseva et al., 2000). 15

  13. Ag-NOR– STAINING OF CHROMOSOMES INA. peninsulae Arrows are Ag-NOR – active regions in В chromosomes, arrowheads – Ag-NOR activity in the telomeric regions of aytosomes(2 pairs) (from: Rubtsov et al., 2004). ? Their possible transcriptional activity remains an open question.

  14. TWO-COLOR FISH OF A. PENINSULAE METAPHSE CHROMOSOMES WITH DNA PROBES a, b –siberian mice, c – far-eastern mice. Green – probes, derived frommacro Bs, Red – probes from centromeric C-positive regions of aytosomes, Blue - DAPI –staining (Rubtsov et al., 2004; 2005). X, Y – sex chromosomes, M – macro Bs, m – micro Bs. c M M Different possible pathways for B chromosome origin in siberian and far-eastern mice: either from autosomes or sex chromosomes (Rubtsov et al., 2004; 2005; 2009).

  15. CONCLUSIONS: • The significance of cytogenetic methods for the comprehensivestudy on B chromosome polymorphism in Apodemuspeninsulae have been shown. • So, each method makes a several contribution to the analysis of mice karyotypes, making in whole, an integrated picture of the B chromosome study. • Thus, it appears that altogether cytogenetic methods and approaches (routine and differential) were very relevant inthestudyof B chromosome polymorphism in Mammalia.

  16. THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION This work was partly supported by DVO grant 12-II-СО-06-018.

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