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Types of Chemical Reactions (equations/balancing)

Types of Chemical Reactions (equations/balancing). ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ _________________________ __________________________. Types of Reactions The big ideas.

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Types of Chemical Reactions (equations/balancing)

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  1. Types of Chemical Reactions(equations/balancing) • ________________________ • ________________________ • ________________________ • _________________________ • __________________________

  2. Types of ReactionsThe big ideas • Matter is ______conserved- “what goes in must come out” This is how we balance • _______ happen in many ways • Four categories are used to predict ________ (there is much overlap)

  3. Decomposition • The general idea • AB  A + B • A demonstration • Hydrogen Peroxide  _____ + oxygen • _H2O2  __ ______ + __ ________

  4. Decomposition- samples • XCO3 XO + CO2 • Carbonate  oxide + carbon dioxide • CaCO3  • XSO3  XO + SO2 • Sulfite  oxide + sulfur dioxide • Na2SO3  Examples to balance

  5. Decomposition (cont.) • XOH  XO + H2O • Hydroxide  oxide + water • NaOH  • XClO3 / XClO4  XCl + O2 • Chlorates & perchlorates  chloride + oxygen • KClO3  • KClO4 

  6. Single Replacement • The general idea • M + A- + B + B+ A-+ M • Compound1 + metallic element1  • compound2 + metallic element2 • B is more active then M see activity of metals list. • Silver(II) Nitrate + copper(s) 

  7. Activity of Metals(for single replacement reactions) Name Symbol Iron Fe Nickel Ni Tin Sn Lead Pb (hydrogen) (H)* Copper Cu Mercury Hg Silver Ag Gold Au Name Symbol Lithium Li Potassium K Barium Ba Calcium Ca Sodium Na Magnesium Mg Aluminum Al Zinc Zn Fe Ni Sn Pb Most Li K Ba Ca Na Replace H in acids only Mg Al Zn Replace H in acids & water least

  8. Single Replacement (cont) • M + C - + N  M + N -+ C • Compound1 + nonmetallic element1 • compound2 + nonmetallic element2 • N must be more active then C - …. Nonmetals higher and to the right on the P.T. are more active. • KBr(aq) + Cl2 (aq) 

  9. Double Replacement • A+ B -+ C +D -  A+ D - + C +B – • Only occurs IF a product is gas, precipitate (insoluble) or H2O. Lead(II) nitrate(aq) +potassium iodide(aq) 

  10. Double Replacement (cont.) • Neutralization Acid + Base  water + salt H +B- + C +OH - HOH + C + B- H2CrO4 (aq)+ LiOH (aq)

  11. Synthesis(composition/combination) • A + B  AB . Element + Element  Compound Zinc(s) + Oxygen(g) Zn(s) + O2 (g) • MO + H2O  MOH . • Metal oxide + water  metal hydroxide (base) • CaO(s) + H2O(l)

  12. Synthesis (cont.)(composition/combination) • NMO + H2O  H( NM)O • Nonmetal oxide + water  oxyacid • SO3(g) + H2O(l)

  13. Combustion • Complete Combustion (of a hydrocarbon): hydrocarbon + oxygen  water + carbon dioxide + q C2H5OH (l) + O2 (g) 

  14. Combustion (cont) Incomplete combustion: hydrocarbon + oxygen  water + carbon monoxide + q C2H5OH (l) + O2 (g) 

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