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Water Quality Analysis: Parameters, Standards, and Pollution Sources

Understand the importance of water quality parameters, standards, and pollution sources. Learn about physico-chemical parameters, safety measures, and the Safe Drinking Water Act. Identify point and non-point sources of pollution, eutrophication, and discuss challenges in water distribution and quality management.

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Water Quality Analysis: Parameters, Standards, and Pollution Sources

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  1. Announcements • Closed toe shoes or booties for this lab!! • LLELA field data • Return Labs and dust bowl papers • Mini Paper on Dead Zone Due next week Oct 21 • Question #3 on Page #71 • Next Week Movie and LLELA review • Next Quiz October 28th • Land Use & Resource Management, Soil, Water Quality, WWTP Trip, Estrogen Effect movie (Assault on the Male)

  2. Water Quality and Pollution

  3. Water Distribution

  4. Water distribution cont’d..

  5. Fig: Hydrologic Cycle

  6. Water Issues and Challenges • Uneven distribution of water across Earth • Population density • Renewability • Sustainability • Water scarcity • Water quantity and quality • Communicable diseases • Eutrophication

  7. Types of water pollution • Point Sources: • Pollution come from single location, • eg: municipal WWTP discharge, pipe, ditch, factory • Easy to identify. • Non-point Sources: • Pollution come from multiple sites over large areas, • eg: pesticides, fertilizer runoff from farms, oil from city streets, forest runoff etc. • Difficult to identify.

  8. Eutrophication:

  9. Water Quality Analysis Important!!! • Safe Drinking Water Act, 1974 • EPA sets standards for 90 contaminants • Water Quality Standards • Primary standards: legally enforceable and aim to protect public health by limiting the level of the contaminant in drinking water. • Secondary standards: are NOT legally enforceable. • Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL): • The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water • Maximum Contaminant Level Goal(MCLG): • The level of contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected health risk

  10. Physico-chemical Parameters Table 1: Summary of Basic Water Quality Parameters (+/-) • Turbidity: cloudiness (NTU=Nepholometric Turbidity Unit) • Nitrates: fertilizer, runoff, death to infant, 10mg/L • Iron: toxic to humans, 0.3mg/L • Phosphorous: not currently regulated by EPA, fertilizer, sewage • Copper: gastrointestinal problem, 1.3mg/L • Ammonia: not currently regulated by EPA; toxic to aquatic organisms, 0.02mg/L • Silica: not currently regulated by EPA, rocks, diatom cells • Sulfide: not currently regulated by EPA, coal, oil, acid • Chlorine: disinfectant, irritations, stomach discomfort,4 mg/L • Cynide: steel, metal, plastic, fertilizer factories, nerve and thyroid, 0.2mg/L • Chromium: steel, pulp mills, allergic dermatitis, 0.1mg/L • pH: natural water 6-8

  11. Table 2: Summary Results for Dissolved Oxygen Levels (mg/L)

  12. SAFETY

  13. Hypothesis • H1: The aquarium with cold water and no fertilizer will have a different level of dissolved oxygen compared to the other treatments. • H0:  The aquarium with cold water and no fertilizer will NOT have a different level of dissolved oxygen compared to the other treatments. 

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