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Announcements

Announcements. Closed toe shoes or booties for this lab !! LLELA field data Return Labs and dust bowl papers Mini Paper on Dead Zone Due next week Oct 21 Question #3 on Page #71 Next Week Movie and LLELA review Next Quiz October 28 th

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Announcements

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  1. Announcements • Closed toe shoes or booties for this lab!! • LLELA field data • Return Labs and dust bowl papers • Mini Paper on Dead Zone Due next week Oct 21 • Question #3 on Page #71 • Next Week Movie and LLELA review • Next Quiz October 28th • Land Use & Resource Management, Soil, Water Quality, WWTP Trip, Estrogen Effect movie (Assault on the Male)

  2. Water Quality and Pollution

  3. Water Distribution

  4. Water distribution cont’d..

  5. Fig: Hydrologic Cycle

  6. Water Issues and Challenges • Uneven distribution of water across Earth • Population density • Renewability • Sustainability • Water scarcity • Water quantity and quality • Communicable diseases • Eutrophication

  7. Types of water pollution • Point Sources: • Pollution come from single location, • eg: municipal WWTP discharge, pipe, ditch, factory • Easy to identify. • Non-point Sources: • Pollution come from multiple sites over large areas, • eg: pesticides, fertilizer runoff from farms, oil from city streets, forest runoff etc. • Difficult to identify.

  8. Eutrophication:

  9. Water Quality Analysis Important!!! • Safe Drinking Water Act, 1974 • EPA sets standards for 90 contaminants • Water Quality Standards • Primary standards: legally enforceable and aim to protect public health by limiting the level of the contaminant in drinking water. • Secondary standards: are NOT legally enforceable. • Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL): • The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water • Maximum Contaminant Level Goal(MCLG): • The level of contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected health risk

  10. Physico-chemical Parameters Table 1: Summary of Basic Water Quality Parameters (+/-) • Turbidity: cloudiness (NTU=Nepholometric Turbidity Unit) • Nitrates: fertilizer, runoff, death to infant, 10mg/L • Iron: toxic to humans, 0.3mg/L • Phosphorous: not currently regulated by EPA, fertilizer, sewage • Copper: gastrointestinal problem, 1.3mg/L • Ammonia: not currently regulated by EPA; toxic to aquatic organisms, 0.02mg/L • Silica: not currently regulated by EPA, rocks, diatom cells • Sulfide: not currently regulated by EPA, coal, oil, acid • Chlorine: disinfectant, irritations, stomach discomfort,4 mg/L • Cynide: steel, metal, plastic, fertilizer factories, nerve and thyroid, 0.2mg/L • Chromium: steel, pulp mills, allergic dermatitis, 0.1mg/L • pH: natural water 6-8

  11. Table 2: Summary Results for Dissolved Oxygen Levels (mg/L)

  12. SAFETY

  13. Hypothesis • H1: The aquarium with cold water and no fertilizer will have a different level of dissolved oxygen compared to the other treatments. • H0:  The aquarium with cold water and no fertilizer will NOT have a different level of dissolved oxygen compared to the other treatments. 

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