Chapter 5

1. Chapter 5

2. Chapter 5 Section 1 Inside the Earth

3. Earth is made of layers created by the density that makes it up. • Crust is thinist and least dense layer • Mantle between crust and core. Largest layer and contains most weight • Core is center and made of iron and nickel

4. Chapter 5 Section 1 Inside the Earth

5. Using physical properties, the Earth is divided into 5 layers • The crust is the rigged outer part called the lithosphere

7. The hard outer lithosphere is divided into techtonic plates • Tectonic plates float on the asthenosphere • Plates “bump” into each other

9. Seismologist use seismic waves to understand the Earth’s interior • Different waves can travel at different speeds • Different waves can travel through different material

10. Section 2 • The same fossils can be found on different plates that are seperated by thousnads of miles of ocean • The plates are pushed by a process known as sea floor spreading • Magnetic reversal is evidence of sea floor spreading • Rocks next to mid-ocean ridge moving away reverse magnetic direction

11. Section 3 • Plate techtonics is the theory that tectonic plates move • Boundary is where plates touch • Convergent boundries collide making mountains • Divergent boundaries pulls crust apart making trench • Transform boundries slide past each other only making earthquakes

13. Plates move because of convection currents inside the mantle • Warm moves up • Spreads out • Sinks

14. Section 4 • Rocks change shape • Called deformation • Stress changes shape of rock

15. Two types of stress • Compression is squeezing together • Tension is pulling apart

16. Folding is bending of rock • Anticline-up like the A • Syncline-down

17. Faulting is when the rock breaks and moves • Mountains form by compression and tension

18. Section 5 • Seismology is the study of earthquakes • Earthquakes are formed where rocks break and move past each other • Boundaries is where most movement occurs • Broken rock formed by stress can be found anywhere