110 likes | 121 Views
Explore the structure and function of membrane proteins, carbohydrates, and processes like permeability, osmosis, and transport in cells. Learn the differences between passive and active transport with detailed insights in this educational guide.
E N D
Ch. 8 Membrane Structure and Function AP Biology Crosby High School
Two types of Proteins • Integral protein • Penetrate through the lipid bilayer • Peripheral protein • Loosely bound to surface of membrane
Membrane Carbohydrate • Cell-cell recognition • Sorts cells during development • Identify foreign cells • Oligosaccharides • Bound to either lipids or proteins • Act as markers to distinguish one cell from another
Membrane Reversal • Extracellular face is the same as inside face of ER, Golgi and Vesicles • Flips inside-out when incorporated into cell membrane
Permiability • Lipid bilayer • Hydrophobic compounds cross membrane • Polar or charged particles can not • Transport proteins • Creates hydrophilic channels • Some bind and move • Specificity
Passive Transport • Down concentration gradient • Uphill vs. downhill • Proceed to equilibrium • Increases Entropy by mixing • Does not use ATP • This does not require energy therefore ATP is not used
Osmosis • Diffusion of water • Relies on solute concentration • Hypotonic: lower solute concentration • Hypertonic: higher solute concentration • Isotonic: same solute concentration • Moves from Hypotonic Hypertonic
Osmoregulation and Cell Survival • Paramecium use contractile vacuole • Cells with walls • Turgid • Flaccid • Plasmolysis
Facilitated Diffusion • Transport proteins create channels • Aquaporins • Gated channels • Bind and change shape
Active Transport • Requires work to transport uphill • Expends energy • Energy is provided by ATP • Sodium-potassium pump