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Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry. Introduction to Stoichiometry. Stoichiometry. Objectives Define stoichiometry Describe the importance of the mole ratio in stoichiometric calculations Write a mole ratio relating two substances in a chemical equation. Stoichiometry. Stoichiometry Definitions

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Stoichiometry

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  1. Stoichiometry Introduction to Stoichiometry

  2. Stoichiometry • Objectives • Definestoichiometry • Describe the importance of the mole ratio in stoichiometric calculations • Write a mole ratio relating two substances in a chemical equation

  3. Stoichiometry • Stoichiometry Definitions • Composition stoichiometry deals with the mass relationships of elements in compounds • Reaction stoichiometry involves the mass relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction

  4. Stoichiometry • Reaction Stoichiometry Problems • Problem Type 1: Given and unknown quantities are amounts in moles Amount of given substance (mol) Amount of unknown substance (mol)

  5. Stoichiometry • Reaction Stoichiometry Problems • Problem Type 2: Given is an amount in moles and unknown is a mass Amount of given substance (mol) Amount of unknown substance (mol) Mass of unknown substance (g)

  6. Stoichiometry • Reaction Stoichiometry Problems • Problem Type 3: Given is a mass and unknown is an amount in moles Mass of given substance (g) Amount of given substance (mol) Amount of unknown substance (mol)

  7. Stoichiometry • Reaction Stoichiometry Problems • Problem Type 4: Given is a mass and unknown is a mass Mass of a given substance (g) Amount of given substance (mol) Amount of unknown substance (mol) Mass of unknown substance (g)

  8. Stoichiometry • Mole Ratio • A mole ratio is a conversion factor that relates the amounts in moles of any two substances involved in a chemical reaction 2Al2O3(l) → 4Al(s) + 3O2(g) , , 2 mol Al2O3 2 mol Al2O3 4 mol Al 4 mol Al 3 mol O2 3 mol O2

  9. Stoichiometry • Converting Between Amounts in Moles

  10. Stoichiometry • Stoichiometry Calculations

  11. Stoichiometry • Stoichiometry Calculations • Sample Problem • For each equation, balance and write all possible mole ratios • HgO (s) Hg (l) + O2 (g) • NH3(g) + NO (g) N2 (l) + H2O (l)

  12. Stoichiometry • Stoichiometry Calculations • Sample Problem • How many moles of sodium will react with water to produce 4.0 mol of hydrogen in the following reaction? Na(s) + H2O(l)  NaOH(aq) + H2(g)

  13. Stoichiometry • Stoichiometry Calculations • Sample Problem • How many moles of lithium chloride will be formed by the reaction of chlorine with 0.046 mol of lithium bromide in the following reaction? LiBr(aq) + Cl2(g)  LiCl(aq) + Br2(l)

  14. Stoichiometry • Stoichiometry Calculations • Sample Problem • Aluminum will react with sulfuric acid in the following reaction. Al(s) + H2SO4(l)  Al2(SO4)3(aq) + H2(g) • How many moles of H2SO4 will react with 18 mol Al? • How many moles of each product will be produced from 18 mol Al?

  15. Stoichiometry • Stoichiometry Calculations • Sample Problem • Propane burns in excess oxygen according to the following reaction. C3H8 + O2 CO2 + H2O • How many moles each of CO2 and H2O are formed from 3.85 mol of propane? • If 0.647 mol of oxygen is used in the burning of propane, how many moles each of CO2 and H2O are produced? How many moles of C3H8 are consumed?

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