Tubig:Kinabuhi

1. Tubig:Kinabuhi Water is Life

2. Tamugan Surface Water Development Project

3. Outline • Background • Looming Water Crisis • Why Surface Water • Why Tamugan River • Conflict between Power and Water Projects • DCWD Position

4. Background UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon “. . .put the looming crisis over water shortages at the top of the global agenda this year and take action to prevent conflicts over scarce supplies.”

5. NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES BOARD Background NWRB says. . . “Davao City is one of the nine water-critical urbanized areas in the Philippines where water is consumed intensively.”

6. Is there a looming water crisis? YES!

7. Water Demand and Groundwater Potential in Selected 9 Major Urban Areas Source: Master Plan Study on Water Resources Management in the Philippines: Final Report National Water Resources Board (NWRB), August 1998

8. YEAR GWR (MLD)‏ GWU (MLD)‏ RESIDUAL (MLD)‏ 1997 280.5 134.61 145.8 2001 280.5 163.68 116.82 2005 280.5 199.03 81.47 0.0 2009 2011 280.5 280.5 242.03 280.5 38.47 2013 280.5 294.30 -13.80 2017 280.5 357.87 -77.37 Projected residual volume of GW in the Talomo-Lipadas Watershed Source: Asia-Geodyne Corporation, commissioned by DENR XI, MEIP and World Bank

9. Upon Drilling 1977-1992 2000-2008 3.25 meters for 9 wells 30 out of 43 Wells are Free-flowing Drop in Static Water Level • Sources: 1981-82 C. Lotti-LWUA Study and DCWD ECD and PD

10. Decline in Forest Cover 1987 – 6,170 hectares Source: State of Talomo-Lipadas Watershed: A Report, by PCEEM, 2006

11. Decline in Forest Cover 2002 – 2,593 hectares Source: State of Talomo-Lipadas Watershed: A Report, by PCEEM, 2006

12. Bases and Indicators of a Looming Water Crisis • NWRB Data (Water Demand and Groundwater Potential ) • Asia-Geodyne Corporation, commissioned by DENR XI, MEIP and World Bank (Diminishing residual volume of GW) • Decline in Static Water Level • Decline in Forest Cover

13. According to the NWRB Study. . . Groundwater sources in Angeles and Iloilo will be enough to meet water demand, but in other cities (including Davao). . . “certain surface water development measures might be required to secure sound socio-economic growths.” Source: Master Plan Study on Water Resources Management in the Philippines: Final Report National Water Resources Board (NWRB), August 1998

14. DCWD Water Sources Davao City WD derives more than 99% of its water from groundwater sources. . . . . . less than 1% from surface water.

15. NWRB Permit In May 1997, NWRBissued a water permit to DCWD to use water from Tamugan River with the diversion point at Upper Baguio, Baguio District. NWRB Water Permit No. 15729 Wet Season = 4.678 cms Dry Season = 3.440 cms

16. Why Surface Water? Expand Service Coverage Improve pressure and volume of existing DCWD water consumers Save on power cost Avoid depletion of groundwater Address increased demand for water which cannot be supplied by groundwater

17. 162 107 87 31 164 167 159 67 82 56 84 85 81 172 61 58 161 175 173 42 96 63 52 69 49 168 89 36 39 106 20 94 50 35 60 88 34 44 24 43 48 83 110 1 117 103 Level I 62 23 101 78 16 65 75 45 7 108 116 46 86 14 105 77 15 30 80 95 Level II 22 54 73 32 8 115 59 21 90 111 179 98 158 97 79 113 19 51 104 26 66 64 Level II and III 27 57 74 Agdao 25 38 177 93 28 72 Poblacion 76 6 114 99 3 71 102 5 10 18 47 Level III (DCWD) 9 70 100 160 12 55 40 41 13 33 112 37 68 29 53 91 92 109 4 17 11 Levels of Water Service • Total barangays = 182 • Served (Level III) = 106 (58%) • Unserved = 76 Sources: City Planning and Development Office Davao City Water District

18. 162 107 87 31 164 167 159 67 82 56 Unserved barangays 84 85 81 172 61 58 161 Barangays to be served by TSWD 175 173 42 96 63 52 69 49 168 89 36 39 106 20 94 50 Barangays served by existing water service 35 60 88 34 44 24 43 48 83 110 1 117 103 62 23 101 78 16 65 75 45 7 108 116 46 86 14 105 77 15 30 80 95 22 54 73 32 8 115 59 21 90 111 179 98 158 97 79 113 19 51 104 26 66 64 27 57 74 Agdao 25 38 177 93 28 72 Poblacion 76 6 114 99 3 71 102 5 10 18 47 9 70 100 160 12 55 40 41 13 33 112 37 68 29 53 91 92 109 4 17 11 Expand Coverage Area • New Water Service Connections to 30,000 households or a population of 150,000 • Improve quantity and pressure of existing 160,000 connections or population of 800,000

19. Surface Water Development Groundwater extraction is power-intensive . . . DCWD spends. . . PhP211 million/yearfor electricity. . . expected to increase to as much asPhP314 million in 5 years.

20. Why Tamugan River? Enough quantity Acceptable quality IT IS THE ONLY RIVER in Davao City VIABLE and SUITABLE for DRINKING WATER

21. DAVAO CITY WATER SUPPLY PROJECT FEASIBILITY STUDY--July 2000, by NJS Consultants and CEST Inc. SURFACE WATER ASSESSMENT • Lipadas River - has a superior water quality, however, the flow rate is relatively small • Talomo River – contamination risk is high, reduced quantity due to hydropower plants • Davao River - highly turbid, operational costs will be very high. • Tagulaya and Sibulan River - rivers are outside the boundaries of Davao City. • Tamugan and Panigan River - Large flow rates make these rivers desirable as water source. Water quality analysis conducted yield satisfactory results.

22. DAVAO CITY WATER SUPPLY PROJECT FEASIBILITY STUDY--July 2000, by NJS Consultants and CEST Inc. RECOMMENDED SURFACE WATER SOURCE Among the five bodies of water investigated, Tagulaya and Tamugan Rivers are found to be most desirable as water source for the entire Davao City. A Water Source Comparison Matrix is the result of the further investigation conducted by the Consultants. Based from the above evaluation of the Consultants, TAMUGAN RIVER IS THE RECOMMENDED WATER SOURCE.

23. Classification of Rivers • Class AA Public Water Supply Class I (for water having watersheds which are uninhabited and otherwise protected and which require only approved disinfection in order to meet the National Standards for Drinking Water of the Phils. • Class A Public Water Supply Class II (for source of water supply that will require complete treatment • Class B Recreational water (for primary contact recreation such as bathing, swimming and skin diving) • Class C Fishery water for the propagation and growth of fish and aquatic • Class D For agriculture, irrigation and livestock watering Industrial water supply Source: DENR DAO 34 series of 1990

24. Davao del Norte Comval Prov. Davao City Davao Oriental Davao del Sur Davao del Norte 4 rivers classified • Hijo (Class C) • Tagum (Class D) • Tuganay (Class B) • Saug (Class B) ComVal 4 rivers classified • Agusan (C) • Kingking (C) • Naboc (C) • Matiao (C) Davao City 7 rivers classified -Bunawan (C) • Davao (A & B) • Ilang (C) • Lasang (B) • Lipadas (AA,A,) • Talomo (B) • Tamugan (A) Davao Oriental 6 rivers classified • Sumlog (A,B,C) • Baganga-Mahan-ub (AA, A & B)) • Bitanagan (Class B) • Cateel (Class A) • Dapnan (Class A) • Manurigao (Class A) Davao del Sur 5 rivers classified • Digos (B & C) • Malita (B) • Padada (D) • Sibulan (A & B) • Mainit (B) Davao Gulf all classified SB Water Quality Monitoring (Rivers Classified) (as of CY 2007): 26 & 1 DG Source: DENR XI

25. The Tamugan Surface Water Development (TSWD) Project Water Treatment Plant Infiltration Gallery

26. Barangays that will benefit from the Surface Water Project District 2 Pop. District 3 Pop.

27. The Conflict between DCWD and Hedcor Projects Hedcor’s project will threaten the city’s limited water supply

28. 20MW Power plant Proposed HEDCOR Pondage Location @ Elev. = 527.0 MAMSL Hedcor Weir Elev. 537masl Proposed HEDCOR Conveyance Line Junction Box Location @ Elevation 530.0 MAMSL Intake Weir Elev. 536masl Hedcor Weir Elev. 745masl Talomo Diversion Weir Elev. 765masl Impact of Hedcor Project on DCWD TSWD DCWD Water Treatment Plant Elev. 325masl Tamugan River DCWD Infiltration Gallery Elev. 400masl Kidale River Panigan River • Operations of Hedcor will affect availability of water for DCWD resulting to dependency of DCWD on Hedcor • Savings of DCWD on power may be used by other power users • DCWD has no other surface water source

29. 20MW Power plant Proposed HEDCOR Pondage Location @ Elev. = 527.0 MAMSL Hedcor Weir Elev. 537masl Proposed HEDCOR Conveyance Line Junction Box Location @ Elevation 530.0 MAMSL Intake Weir Elev. 536masl Hedcor Weir Elev. 745masl Talomo Diversion Weir Elev. 765masl Hedcor’s Proposal DCWD Water Treatment Plant Elev. 325masl Tamugan River DCWD Infiltration Gallery Elev. 400masl Kidale River Panigan River Why Proposal is not acceptable? • DCWD not after the penalty but reliable and continuous water supply • If Hedcor cannot pump due to maintenance problem, DCWD will not be able to supply water • DCWD will be dependent on Hedcor • Hedcor build pumping station and pipeline to DCWD WTP at elev. 325 • If water at 400masl is less than 4cms, Hedcor will pump shortfall to DCWD WTP • If Hedcor fails to pump, it will be penalized at DCWD selling rate • Conditions be stipulated in MOA, ECC, and water permit

30. Effect of Hedcor Project to Groundwater Sources “The modeling results indicate that a large component of the recharge occurs along the Talomo River” Isabelle M. Proulx, Talomo-Lipadas Watershed Aquifer Characterization Study: 3D Aquifer Model, PCEEM Mission Report, February 2002

31. Source: Terrain Analysis July 2005 Mines and Geosciences Bureau-XI

32. Effect of Hedcor Hydropower Project on Groundwater Resources 20MW Power plant Tamugan River Kidale River Hedcor Weir Elev. 537masl Intake Weir Elev. 536masl Talomo River Panigan River Hedcor Weir Elev. 745masl Talomo Diversion Weir Elev. 765masl • Affects the very high recharge potential for deep to very deep aquifer • Affects groundwater resources

33. Effect of Hedcor Project to Groundwater Sources Dumoy Recharge Composition Davao River (20%) Rivers60% Rain 40% Source: “ACCESS TO CLEAN DRINKING WATER”, United Nation Development Project (UNDP)/International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)/Regional Cooperative Agreement (RCA) Project Talomo River 80%

34. Long-term effect of Hedcor’s Project • Groundwater depletion • Land subsidence • Salinity Intrusion • High pumping cost

35. DCWD Position • Hedcor’s Hydropower plant will threaten Davao City’s present and future water supply. DCWD strongly urges that Hedcor would relocate its hydropower in other rivers. SPARE TAMUGAN!

36. The Impending Water Shortage and its Solution (cont’d.) Conducted by PCEEM, MGB and Asia Geodyne Corporation Dr. ED. B. PRANTILLA *USEP-SAEC and RECORD Foundation 9/30/2014 36 “Because of the critical role of Tamugan River to the health of Davao City residents and to the development of Davao City, it is also important to declare Tamugan River as a single purpose river, that is, solely as the source of water supply for Davao City”.

37. Good Day