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An Overview of Systems Activities at the National Institutes of Health

An Overview of Systems Activities at the National Institutes of Health. David M. Balshaw, PhD. National Institutes of Health.

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An Overview of Systems Activities at the National Institutes of Health

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  1. An Overview of Systems Activities at the National Institutes of Health David M. Balshaw, PhD

  2. National Institutes of Health • NIH is the steward of medical and behavioral research for the Nation. Its mission is science in pursuit of fundamental knowledge about the nature and behavior of living systems and the application of that knowledge to extend healthy life and reduce the burdens of illness and disability. • NIH statistics • FY07 Funding ~$29.2 Billion (essentially flat since 2004) • ~80% of the NIH’s funding is awarded extramurally • ~50,000 grants to more than 325,000 researchers • Over 3,000 universities, medical schools, and other research institutions in every state and several foreign countries. • ~10% of the NIH’s budget supports intramural research projects conducted by nearly 6,000 scientists

  3. FY 2007 OPERATING PLAN NIH DISCRETIONARY BUDGET AUTHORITY $29.228 BILLION Training 2.7% $764 Million Research Project Grants 52.7% $15.417 Billion

  4. NIH COMPETING RPG* APPLICATIONS: TRENDS IN NUMBER, AWARDS AND SUCCESS RATES * RPG’s include R01, R23, R29, R37, DP1, P01, P42, PN1, R03, R15, R21, R22, R23, R33, R34, R35, R36, R37, R55, R56, UC1, UC7, U01, and U19 mechanisms

  5. RPG* FUNDING, UNSOLICITED AND SOLICITED Solicited awards are responses to Requests for Applications (RFA’s) * RPG’s include R01, R23, R29, R37, DP1, P01, P42, PN1, R03, R15, R21, R22, R23, R33, R34, R35, R36, R37, R55, R56, UC1, UC7, U01, and U19 mechanisms

  6. We’re all just a little bit different ...

  7. A (very brief) History of ‘Systems’ at NIH

  8. Pre-’Omics ‘Systems’ • Integrated physiology/Systems physiology

  9. ‘Omics Era • Programs focused on developing and standardizing high data content and high throughput techniques, interdisciplinary research and the establishment of informatics tools for integration Digital Biology: The Emerging Paradigm Glue Grants

  10. The NIH Roadmap for Medical Research • Initiated by NIH Director Elias A. Zerhouni, M.D. in 2002 • Input from more than 300 nationally recognized leaders in academia, industry, government, and the public • Identify major opportunities and gaps in biomedical research that no single institute at NIH could tackle alone but that the agency as a whole must address Source: http://nihroadmap.nih.gov/

  11. Criteria for Roadmap Initiatives • Is it ‘transforming’ -- will it change how or what biomedical research is conducted in the next decades? • Would its outcome enhance the ability of all ICs to achieve their missions? • Can the NIH afford to NOT to do it? • Will it be compelling to our stakeholders, especially the public? • Is it something that no other entity can or will do?

  12. Clinical Enterprise Molecular Libraries and Imaging Re-engineering the Clinical Research Enterprise Building Blocks, Biological Pathways and Networks New Pathways to Discovery Structural Biology Public-Private Partnerships Implementation Groups Bioinformatics and Computational Biology High-risk Research Interdisciplinary Research Nanomedicine Research Teams of the Future

  13. NIH Roadmap version 1.5 • Expert panels, portfolio analysis and public comment in Summer/fall 2006. Development by Senior NIH Staff and review and Approval by NIH IC Directors. • Major Initiatives: • Microbiome • Epigenetics • Protein Capture • Phenotyping • Pilot Activities: • Genetic Connectivity Map • Coordination Groups: • Regenerative Medicine • Pharmacogenomics • Bioinformatics • Strategic Planning: • Training/Career Development • Health Disparities • Science of Science Administration http://nihroadmap.nih.gov/roadmap15update.asp

  14. Other Systems Programs • Rarely entitled as ‘Systems Biology’ • Notable exceptions for NIGMS Systems Biology Centers and NHLBI Exploratory Program • IC specific and multi-IC programs

  15. Individual Exposure Internalization and Distribution Initial Biological Response Phenotypic Defects Overt Disease Source Exposure: EPA, NIOSH > NIEHS Exposure Biology: NIEHS > others Disease: Other ICs> NIEHS

  16. Environmental Genome Project Toxicogenomics Research Consortium Functional Proteomics Initiative Metabolomics Applications Initiative Systems Approaches to the Environmental Health Sciences Approaches to theEnvironmental Health Sciences

  17. NIEHS ‘Systems Biology’ Programs • ‘Comparative Biology’ – pathway determinants of susceptibility • ‘DISCOVER’ – effort to integrate mechanistic and clinical research (clinical systems biology) • ‘Fusion’ (still in conceptualization) – high risk interdisciplinary research to understand and control complexity in environmentally-influenced diseases • Network Approaches to Investigating Environmental Influences on Human Disease Symposium and Workshop August 16-17, 2007 at NIEHS

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