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Bohr Models

Bohr Models. Periods. Tells the number of electrons and their arrangement in the orbitals. We will make models of these later. Horizontal rows are called periods There are 7 periods. Groups. Elements in same group have the same number of valence electrons. Similar properties. 8A. 1A.

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Bohr Models

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  1. Bohr Models

  2. Periods • Tells the number of electrons and their arrangement in the orbitals. • We will make models of these later.

  3. Horizontal rows are called periods • There are 7 periods

  4. Groups • Elements in same group have the same number of valence electrons. • Similar properties.

  5. 8A 1A • Vertical columns are called groups. • Elements are placed in columns by similar properties. 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A

  6. Keeping Track of Electrons • The electrons responsible for the chemical properties of atoms are those in the outer energy level. • Called valence electrons – • Core electrons -those in the energy levels below. Bohn Model Modern Model Valence Electrons Core Electrons Nucleus

  7. Keeping Track of Electrons • Atoms in the same column have the same outer electron configuration. • Have the same valence electrons. • Easily found by counting over to their column in the periodic table, skipping the transition metals. • The first energy level can hold 2 electrons on the outside, the rest can hold 8

  8. Valence Electrons of Representative Elements 1 8 2 3 4 5 6 7

  9. The Octet Rule: Atoms will gain or loose electrons (whichever is easier) to form a stable valence shell with 2 or 8 electrons. 1 8 2 3 4 5 6 7

  10. Group 1A looses 1 electron for a +1 Charge. +1 +2 +3 -3 -2 -1 If you loose a negative part, you become positive.

  11. Group 2A looses 2 electrons for a +2 Charge. +1 If you loose two negative parts, you become twice positive. +2 +3 -3 -2 -1

  12. Group 3A looses 3 electrons for a +3 Charge. +1 If you loose three negative parts, you become thrice positive. +2 +3 -3 -2 -1

  13. Group 4A is unique we if often shares electrons so he will not assign a charge just yet. +1 +2 +3 -3 -2 -1

  14. Group 5A gains 3 electrons for a -3 Charge. +1 If you gain three negative parts, you become thrice negative. +2 +3 -3 -2 -1

  15. Group 6A gains 2 electrons for a -2 Charge. +1 If you gain two negative parts, you become thrice negative. +2 +3 -3 -2 -1

  16. Group 7A gains 1 electrons for a -1 Charge. +1 If you loose one negative parts, you become once negative. +2 +3 -3 -2 -1

  17. Group 8A, the Noble gases will not gain or loose electrons +1 Since it will not loose or gain, it will never have a charge! +2 +3 -3 -2 -1

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