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Digital Library for Earth Systems Education: Transforming Learning with Innovative Resources

Explore the establishment of the Digital Library for Earth Systems Education (DLESE) from its inception to current status, including collections, support structures, usage statistics, and ongoing challenges for enhancing Earth system education.

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Digital Library for Earth Systems Education: Transforming Learning with Innovative Resources

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  1. The Establishment of the Digital Library for Earth Systems Education (DLESE): From Books to BytesJohn T. SnowCollege of GeosciencesUniversity of OklahomaUniversity of Reading31 March 2003

  2. Outline • Definitions: • In The Beginning … • Collections • Support – Short term and long term • Current Status • A Few Usage Statistics • Continuing Issues and Challenges

  3. Definition:What Is A Digital Library? digital library: “A managed environment of multimedia materials in digital form, designed for the benefit of its user population, structured to facilitate access to its contents, and equipped with aids to navigate the global network ... with users and holdings totally distributed, but managed as a coherent whole.” Mel Collier, International Symposium on Research, Development, and Practice in Digital Libraries 1997 Point: Role(s) of community are unclear, implicitly passive

  4. Definition: What is DLESE? The Digital Library for Earth System Education (DLESE) is a community-owned and governed library offering high-quality electronic resources that foster learning about the Earth at all educational levels. When fully operational, DLESE will offer access to peer-reviewed teaching and learning resources, interfaces and tools to allow exploration of Earth data, services to help users effectively create and use educational resources, and an ‘intellectual commons’ facilitating sharing, collaboration, and excellence in Earth systems education.

  5. Community owned and governed – Get involved, the library responds to changing user needs. • About engaging users as contributors – DLESE seeks to support not only wide dissemination of existing materials, but creation of new materials. • About scaling success – By fostering wide dissemination, DLESE seeks to scale local and regional successes to a national level. • About providing a forum for sharing – Not only content, but ideas, enthusiasm, and support. Point:Role of community is central!DLESE relies on its community to contribute educational resources and collections, to develop services that enhance the usefulness of DLESE, to participate in library governance and planning, and to contribute ideas and feedback on how to improve the library

  6. Definition:National Science Digital Library National STEM Digital Library (NSDL) • “Building on work supported under the multi-agency Digital Libraries Initiative, this program aims to establish a national digital library that will constitute an online network of learning environments and resources for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education at all levels.” • Supported by NSF, Directorate of Human Resources, Division of Undergraduate Education POINT: DLESE collaborates with the NSDL with the intent of acting as the Earth System Science node of the NSDL.

  7. In The Beginning … • 1998 – 1999: Geoscience Digital Library Project, NSF Establishing a Digital Library to Support Education in Earth and Space Sciences, NSF, Portal to the Future Workshop Articulation of DLESE Community through Publication of Community Plan Formation, DLESE Governance Structure. • 2000 Digital Library for Earth System Education: Implementing the DLESE Community Plan First Annual DLESE Community Workshop (Bozeman, MT) • 2001 NSDL and AFGE NSF solicitation Implementation of prototype DLESE web site – August, Version 1.0 • 2002 DLESE Program Center: Providing Infrastructure for a Distributed Community Library NSF Geoscience Community Solicitation NSDL Solicitation

  8. Collections • User-developed/user-contributed Users as contributors • Value added by DLESE: • Metadata (cataloging) • Tailored Search Engine

  9. Collections • Case studies, lesson plans, maps, Earth data sets and imagery, visualizations, assessment activities, curricula, online courses • Distributed: all materials reside on originator’s servers • Includes tools and interfaces necessary for application • Special Collections (named)

  10. Collections • The Broad Collection provides both the widest possible range of resources, and a forum in which resource users can provide feedback to creators to iteratively improve the quality of individual resources • The Reviewed Collection provides the highest quality teaching and learning materials, and helps resource creators achieve academic career recognition. • Community Review System – move from Broad Collection to Reviewed Collection

  11. Support – Short term and long term • National Science Foundation • Professional Societies? • Foundations, NGO’s? • Publishers?

  12. Current Status • Operational, but still a prototype • Version 2.0 in 2003 • Emerging Leadership Role in NSDL

  13. 1. Internal collection building and QA 2. Import external collections and review metadata 9. Discovery 8. Collection management 7. Index and report data Index and report data IR search API Index Data 3. 10. ODL search 6. 4. 5. 11. Export via OAI-PMH Data store XML XML XML XML XML XML XML XML Collection-level metadata Item-level metadata,review status metadata DLESE v2.0 DDS DCS OAIharvester Collectionmanager User search XML Index • Transform to ADN • Schema validation • Generate annotation metadata • Resource-to-ID mapper • Identify duplicate URLs found in a single collection • Map each resource (URL) to all IDs that exist for the resource across collections • Link checking service OAIprovider Collection-level metadata editor Developer’s Workshop (2/19-2/20) OAIprovider • Transform to DC Index

  14. A Few Usage Statistics Review of 2002 (first full year of operation) …

  15. What’s Being Reported • Estimation of human interaction with library • Session: Same IP with less than 30 minute break • Overall Sessions, Main Services, Referrals • Data: Merge of logs from services hosted • DPC, SERC (Carleton), LDEO (Columbia) • Exclusions • Developer machines (updated list) • DPC, SERC, Montana, LDEO, AGI • Search engine crawlers (updated list) • Machine-to-machine calls, e.g. OAI transfers

  16. Search Engine Referral • Referring URL - URL from where user “clicked” • URL of page that contains a link to DLESE • URL of result page at a search engine (e.g. Google) • Logs can include referring URL • Identify referrals from main search engines • Google (80%), Yahoo (10%), Others (10%) • Single Hit Search Engine Referral • E.g., where Google user clicks from their result page to a DLESE page, then no further interaction with DLESE

  17. Overall Sessions per Month 2002 14000 12000 Overall Use 10000 8000 Sessions per month Overall Use (excluding single hits from SE referrals) 6000 4000 2000 Discovery (Search & Browse) 0 Jul Jan Jun Nov Apr Feb Mar Oct Aug Sep Dec May Month of 2002

  18. Sessions per Month for Select Service Areas 3000 2500 News & Opps (excluding single hits from SE referrals) 2000 Sessions per month 1500 SERC (excluding single hits from SE referrals) 1000 500 CRS 0 Jul Nov Jan Jun Apr Oct Mar Feb Aug Sep Dec Discovery May Month of 2002 *CRS did not log referrals in this period

  19. Observations • Discovery system is most popular service (as expected) • Other service areas have similar use levels • Off main home-page navigation • Excluding single-hit search engine referrals • Growth of CRS • Users moving between browse page and CRS • Impact of being indexed in Search Engines • 50% of traffic from search engine referrals • Consider Google a portal to DLESE • Design for users, design for search engines

  20. Observations: Session Durations • After excluding single-hit search engine referrals • 70% of sessions view < 4 pages, duration < 1 minute • Classic “search engine” behavior (ref. Menbar, Yahoo) • 10% of sessions view > 10 pages, duration > 10 minutes

  21. Organization by Top-Level Domain • Organization distribution • 35% .k12.xx.us, .edu • 34% .net (includes ISP’s) • 25% .com (includes broadband ISP’s) • 3.5% .gov • 2% .org • 0.5% other

  22. Final Comments on Useage • Added proxy to capture which resources a user goes to from DLESE results page • Similar approach to Yahoo • Statistics on resources chosen from results • Started end of January • Another set of use data. • Collection of usage data from services • Monthly collection and merging • Analysis • Requires significant time for interpretation

  23. Continuing Issues and Challenges • Long-term funding • Necessary but not sufficient for success • Widening the Community – users and contributors • Key to long-term sustainability of collections and services • IP issues with potential supporters • Privacy issues with Community • Interoperability with wider DL community, user platforms, NSDL, search engines such as Yahoo, Google

  24. DLESE in the News

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