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Library Supply meets Library Demand: A Web 2.0 Approach

Library Supply meets Library Demand: A Web 2.0 Approach. Stellenbosch University 2008 Annual Symposium. 6 November 2008. Chip Nilges Vice President, Business Development OCLC. Top 20 visited Web sites worldwide. Top Web properties worldwide by number of visitors - June 2008 ( SEW ).

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Library Supply meets Library Demand: A Web 2.0 Approach

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  1. Library Supply meets Library Demand:A Web 2.0 Approach Stellenbosch University 2008 Annual Symposium 6 November 2008 Chip Nilges Vice President, Business Development OCLC

  2. Top 20 visited Web sites worldwide Top Web properties worldwide by number of visitors - June 2008 (SEW)

  3. Membership Reports/Studies 90% are satisfied with search engines libraries = books Internet’s readers are becoming its authors 25% of general public and 50% of college students participate in social sites

  4. Changes in Web Use: 2005-2007 186% 27% 10% 33% 33% Change in use of Web services from 2005 - 2007

  5. The good news for libraries … 96% have visited a library 57% use libraries frequently 69% say library use is steady or higher 78% view libraries favorably as an information source In other words, it’s not a problem of demand

  6. Search Engines Library Portals 2% 84% Is it a supply problem? Q: Where do you typically begin your search for information? From OCLC: Perceptions of Libraries and Information Resources (2005)

  7. Libraries manage complex supply issues Cooperative Collection Management Floating Collections Regional Courier Services Private / Dedicated Fleet Management Content / Collection Management Digital content management - ERIM Mass digitization

  8. Libraries struggle with “Web scale supply” • Collectively, libraries satisfy significant demand • However … • We have lacked a collective Web presence • Our logistics systems tend to be paper based and fragmented • Our digital delivery systems are not well coordinated • We have not coordinated delivery of physical, digital, digitized materials

  9. A Web 2.0 approach to library supply • Use the Web as a service platform • Touch the entire Web • Release lightweight services • Build better data & collect user intelligence What is Web 2.0:  Design Patterns and Business Models for the Next Generation of Software.”  - Tim O’Reilly http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/207310919&referer=brief_results

  10. Principle 1: Use the Web as a Platform

  11. Principle 1: Use the Web as a PlatformThe WorldCat.org Platform Destination Site Syndication Program Enterprise Solution Local Group Global

  12. Principle 1: Use the Web as a Platform WorldCat.org – Destination Site

  13. Principle 1: Use the Web as a PlatformWorldCat.org - Syndicaton Program Over 5,000 affiliate sites

  14. Principle 1: Use the Web as a Platform Sources of WorldCat.org Traffic Over 5,000 Web sites send traffic to libraries through WorldCat.org

  15. Principle 1: Use the Web as a PlatformWorldCat.org Syndication: Google Book Search

  16. Principle 1: Use the Web as a PlatformWorldCat.org - Enterprise Solution

  17. Principle 1: Use the Web as a PlatformWorldCat Local: Results

  18. Principle 2: Lightweight Services • Includes Web services and systems that are designed to be “remixed” by others • Supports machine-to-machine interaction between services over a network • Efficient means of syndicating services across many Web sites

  19. WorldCat API 10-15 developers from cataloging institutions in North America and Europe Search of WorldCat and retrieval of holdings Developers build applications that will drive people back to library services OCLC Web services xISBN, xISSN, xOCLCNUM WorldCat Identities Registries including institution, reviews, citations (lists), tagging Terminologies Metadata Crosswalk Principle 2: Lightweight ServicesOCLC and Lightweight Services

  20. Principle 2: Lightweight ServicesOCLC Developer’s Network • Reach a different user community • Two way dialog • Influence and feedback for planning Grid services • Infrastructure for collaboration • Contribute to the community • http://worldcat.org/devnet/

  21. OCLC has released small applications for WorldCat for: Browsers Blogs / Web sites Popular sites (e.g., facebook) Principle 2: Lightweight ServicesWorldCat.org Widgets

  22. Principle 2: Lightweight ServicesWorldCat API and the iPhone

  23. Principle 2: Lightweight ServicesWorldCat API and the iPhone

  24. Principle 3: Building Better Data

  25. Principle 3: Building Better DataOld Data Paradigm Collections & Library-centric model Books Journals Newspapers Gov docs Etc. Library catalogs Special collections Manuscripts Papers Univ records Archives Journal articles Conference proceedings Etc. Abstracting & Indexing services

  26. Principle 3: Building Better DataThe importance of data in library search & retrieval Ludwig, Mark J. and Wells, Margaret R. “Google Books vs. BISON.” Library Journal, July 15, 2008. http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6566451.html

  27. Principle 3: Building Better DataWhat data do users want? Information most essential in identifying the item needed? End Users (n=7535)

  28. Principle 3: Building Better DataCataloging the “Collective Collection” stewardship low high Books Journals Newspapers Gov. docs CD, DVD Maps Scores Freely-accessible web resources Open source software Newsgroup archives low uniqueness • Research, learning and administrative • materials, • ePrints/tech reports • Learning objects • Courseware • E-portfolios • Research data • Institutional records • Reports, newsletters, etc Special collections Rare books Local/Historical newspapers Local history materials Archives & Manuscripts, Theses & dissertations high http://www.oclc.org/research/publications/archive/2004/dempsey-mslitaguide.pdf

  29. Principle 3: Building Better DataOCLC’s Data Strategy • Change the old paradigm • Go global • Go upstream • Serve consumers first • Cover more more ground • Facilitate access

  30. Principle 3: Building Better DataGoing Global - National files pending for WorldCat Bibliothèque nationale de France Danish National Library Jewish National and University Library Libraries and Archives Canada National Library of Australia National Library of China National Library of Finland National Library of Iceland National Library of New Zealand National Library of Russia National Library of Scotland National Library of Slovenia National Library of Sweden National Central Library, Taiwan National Library of Wales Russian State Library Swiss National Library

  31. Total Records English French German Spanish Japanese Russian Chinese Italian Latin Portuguese Dutch Hebrew Principle 3: Building Better DataMultilingual WorldCat 36% 1998 50¼% 2008 Percentage of Non-English Records 1998:37.5 m records 23.9 m 2.3 m 2.2 m 1.6 m .8 m .8 m .7 m .7 m .3 m .3 m .2 m .2 m 2008:108.2 m records 55.2 m 6.2 m 12.3 m 3.6 m 2.5 m 1.8 m 2.3 m 1.7 m 1.2 m .9 m 2.7 m .7 m

  32. Principle 3: Building Better DataGoing Upstream Upstream capture of ONIX metadata Libraries: Chicago Public Library Phoenix Public Library MIT Library The Ohio State University Library Publishers/vendors: Ingram Book Group Hachette Book Group Princeton University Press Taylor and Francis

  33. Principle 3: Building Better DataE-Content Synchronization

  34. Principle 3: Building Better DataArticle-Level Metadata in WorldCat 20 million article-level records from BL 20,000 Inside Serials—articles from 20,000 journals 57 million TOTAL ARTICLE-LEVEL RECORDS NOW IN WORLDCAT.ORG

  35. Principle 3: Building Better Data Accessing digitized library special collections Thumbnail View the item

  36. Principle 3: Building Better Data Accessing digitized library special collections

  37. Principle 3: Building Better DataCollect User Intelligence • Tools and connections: • Personal account • Lists • Citation tools • Reviews, Ratings, RSS • Social Tagging • Sharing tools • … Always adding more

  38. Principle 3: Building Better DataFacilitating access via registries

  39. ResultsWorldCat.org: Average Monthly Traffic 2 million unique users 13 million page views 6 million full record views 750,000 clickthroughs tolibrary services (OPAC, ILL, OpenURL, etc.)

  40. ResultsPage Views

  41. University of Washington July-Dec. 2006/2007 ResultsWorldCat Local and Library Supply increase in borrowing within Summit consortium 70% increase in ILL requests via WorldCat 100% WorldCat.org now the 2nd highest referrer to UW resolver 2nd

  42. ResultsBefore we congratulate ourselves too heartily … Annual use of WC < 1 day’s use of Google.com 1 Day

  43. And what about the last mile problem?

  44. Last Mile ProblemOutsourcing circulation? • Reducing the collective footprint for physical materials • Home delivery of physical materials • Outsourced circulation pilot

  45. Last Mile ProblemManaging the Collective Collection Shared Print Program Collectively enable research institutions to enact cooperative print management schemes Figure 2. Circulation activity varies by subject; shelf-status (reserves; closed stacks) may be a factor. Figure 1. Duplication rates have remained stable since the mid 1970s.

  46. Last Mile ProblemCooperative Collections Management Pilot • Assume institutions commit to retain and share 3 copies in storage… • Savings Opportunity: • 12.5M volumes (out of 27.5M analyzed) could be weeded from the 19 pilot participants • 17.8 Linear Miles of Shelving • At $3.00 (USD) per linear foot, $280k annual cost savings per library • Could add 19 additional years to life of libraries

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