Institute of Agroforestry and Watershed Management DMMMSU-NLUC, Bacnotan, La Union

1. Institute of Agroforestry and Watershed Management DMMMSU-NLUC, Bacnotan, La Union ASIA-LINK PROGRAME “Strengthening of the Institute of Agroforestry and Watershed Management, Philippines”

2. Rationale The Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University (DMMMSU) in collaboration with the University of Wales(UW), Bangor (UWB) United Kingdom and the National University- University College Cork, Republic of Ireland, with funding assistance from the European Union, are currently undertaking a development project entitled “Strengthening the Institute of Agroforestry and Watershed Management, Philippines.”

3. The Project aims to strengthen the teaching, training and extension activities of the recently formed Institute of Agroforestry and Watershed Management (IAWM) at the DMMMSU Bacnotan, La Union Philippines. Moreover, the project aims to establish a long- term relationship between IAWM, DMMMSU and the Centre for Arid Zone Studies (CAZS) at the University of Wales (UW), Bangor and the Department of Food Business and Development (DFBD) at the University College Cork, Ireland.

4. The main objectives of the project include the development of curricula, teaching and extension materials to be tested and to be used in the Philippines as well as in the UW and UC. The curriculum development has adopted a participatory approach by consulting graduates of DMMMSU and prospective employers, and farmers. In addition, the curriculum is intended to reflect best practices as described and the literature.

5. Another project components is the survey of innovations/best practices related to the watershed management adopted by previous and present projects of the Government and Non-Government institutions in the northern Philippines. Information/data gathered will serve as a basis in developing curricula, teaching and extension materials on watershed management.

6. General Objectives • To strengthen the Institute of Agroforestry and Watershed Management by developing curricula in Bachelor of Science in Agroforestry, Major in Watershed Management and MSc in Watershed Management. • Specific Objectives: • To gather relevant information on the existing and past complementary projects in Region I and CAR; • 2. To document the different innovations/techniques and practices being used by the complementary projects that will serve as a basis for the development of curriculum.

7. Methodology The Respondents Complete enumeration of the 18 current and previous complementary projects in Region I and Cordillera was made. Collection of Data Questionnaires were formulated and administered to gather information/data. Prior to project visitation, request letters containing the purpose of the activity were prepared and sent to the various concerned respondents. The collection of data was done through surveys, visitation and documentation of the techniques adopted by the current and previous complementary projects conducted by NGOs and GOs particularly DENR. Also, project leaders/managers implementers were interviewed to gather other pertinent information on the impact of the projects related to watershed management.

8. Scope and Limitation The study/survey was exploratory in nature and only attempted to gather and document the different innovations/techniques adopted by previous and existing complementary projects in Region I and CAR. The study was conducted from August 2003 to April 2004.

9. Results PreviousProjects

10. Name of the Project Nagbukel watershed Rehabilitation Project Location Nagbukel Ilocos Sur Implementing Agency Department of Environment and Natural Resources Technology/Best Practices Employed Reforestation Gabion Checkdams Small Impounding Dam Enrichment Planting

11. Name of the Project Lower Itogon Watershed Forest Reserve Location Itogon Benguet Implementing Agency Department of Environment and Natural Resources Technology/Best Practices Mixed Plantation Pure Plantation Enrichment Planting

12. Name of the Project Busol Watershed Forest Reserve Location Baguio City, Benguet Implementing Agency Department of Environment and Natural Resources Technology/Best Practices Mixed Plantation Pure Plantation Enrichment Planting Small Impounding Dam

13. Name of the Project Dingras Watershed Rehabilitation Project Location Dingras Ilocos Norte Implementing Agency Department of Environment and Natural Resources Technology/Best Practices Enrichment Planting Gabion Checkdam Reforestation

14. Name of the Project Madongan Sub-Watershed Rehabilitation Sub-Project Location Madongan, Laoag, Ilocos Norte Implementing Agency Department of Environment and Natural Resources Technology/Best Practices Enrichment Planting Gabion Checkdam Reforestation

15. Name of the Project CONDORA Location Damortis, Rosario, La Union Implementing Agency United church Christ of the Philippines Technology/Best Practices SALT I- Simple Agricultural Land Technology SALT II- Simple Agro-livestock Land Technology SALT III- Sustainable Agroforestry Land Technology

16. On Going Projects

17. Name of the Project Baracbac River Watershed Rehabilitation Project Location Mangatarem Pasngasinan Implementing Agency Department of Environment and Natural Resources Technology/Best Practices Wattling Reforestation Fire lines/firebreaks Gabion Checkdam Small Impounding Dam

18. Name of the Project Cagubay Watershed Rehabilitation Project Location Aguilar Pangasinan Implementing Agency Department of Environment and Natural Resources Technology/Best Practices Wattling Reforestation Fire lines/firebreaks Gabion Checkdam Small Impounding Dam

19. Name of the Project Amacalan Watershed Rehabilitation and Water Impounding Dam Location Mabini, Pangasinan Implementing Agency Department of Environment and Natural Resources Technology/Best Practices Reforestation Fire lines/firebreaks Gabion Checkdam Small Impounding Dam

20. Name of the Project Rehabilitation, Protection and Conservation of the Watershed Area of Dipalo River Irrigation Project Location San Quintin, Pangasinan Implementing Agency Department of Environment and Natural Resources Technology/Best Practices Reforestation Fire lines/firebreaks Gabion Checkdam wattling

21. Name of the Project Lidlidda Protected Landscape Location Lidlidda, Ilocos Sur Implementing Agency Department of Environment and Natural Resources Technology/Best Practices SALT I- Simple Agricultural Land Technology Reforestation Gabion Checkdam

22. Name of the Project Libunao Spring Protected Landscape Location Sinait, Ilocos Sur Implementing Agency Department of Environment and Natural Resources Technology/Best Practices Small Impounding Dam Gabion Checkdam Reforestation Plantation Establishment

23. Name of the Project Suyo Proper Rehabilitation Project Location Suyo,Ilocos Sur Implementing Agency Department of Environment and Natural Resources Technology/Best Practices Small Impounding Dam Gabion Checkdam Reforestation Plantation Establishment

24. Name of the Project Bigbiga Protected Landscape Location Narvacan, Ilocos Sur Implementing Agency Department of Environment and Natural Resources Technology/Best Practices Gabion Checkdam Reforestation Plantation Establishment

25. Name of the Project Ambuklao Watershed Forest Reserve Location Bokod, Benguet Implementing Agency Department of Environment and Natural Resources Technology/Best Practices Dam Reforestation Pure Plantation Mixed Plantation

26. Name of the Project Vintar River Watershed Rehabilitation Project Location Vintar, Ilocos Norte Implementing Agency Department of Environment and Natural Resources Technology/Best Practices Reforestation Gabion Checkdam Plantation Establishment

27. Name of the Project Lon-oy Watertshed Location Lon-oy, San Gabriel La UNion Implementing Agency Department of Environment and Natural Resources Technology/Best Practices Reforestation Gabion Checkdam Plantation Establishment Rip rapping

28. Name of the Project Naguilian Watershed Rehabilitation and Erosion Control Project Location Casilagan Naguilian La Union Implementing Agency Department of Environment and Natural Resources Technology/Best Practices Small Impounding Dam Reforestation Gabion Checkdam Plantation Establishment Rip rapping

29. Other Observation It was observed that most of the watersheds were planted/reforested by same species like bagras, yemane, and mahogany. However, According to the studies, these tree species are not good for watersheds because they deplete more water proportional to their fast growth. This is due to the mass reforestation program of the government way back 1970 to 80’s. The program is output oriented one, So that the characteristics being planted were not considered.

30. SUMMARY There were 18 complementary projects visited, assessed and documented. The projects were under the administrative jurisdiction of the DENR-R I and DENR-CAR. Three (3) were taken from the Cordillera Region and 15 from Region 1. Most problems of the watersheds include soil erosion, shifting cultivation, illegal settlement, forest fires, poor soils/quality and lack of funds.

31. To address the above mentioned problems, soil and water conservation measures were made such as biological/vegetative and structural measures. For biological and vegetative measures, saturation planting, enrichment planting and wattling by the used of acacia auri, kakawate and cogon were done. For structural measures, series of gabion check dams, small impounding dam and rip-rapping were constructed along creeks and gullies to minimize soil erosion. If ever projects/innovation were introduced in the area, the projects were not left alone to the farmers/contractors

32. These were closely monitored by the project staff particularly the DENR. All watershed and protected areas were recommended/selected by the members of the DENR, LGUs and community concerned. The rehabilitated, developed watershed and protected areas slowly brought back the lost vegetative cover and maintained the existing naturally grown forest along gullies, creeks, and streams. Furthermore, result of the survey showed that both watershed and protected areas help the community residents uplift their living condition by increasing production through the benefits that comes from the area and provided employment as well as additional income for the community people.

33. Conclusion Based on the informations gathered, all previous and on going complementary projects were employing structural measures in soil and water conservations. One of the previous and one of the practicing on on going projects is Agroforestry systems aside from vegetative and structural measures.

34. Recommendation 1.For projects administered by the government (DENR), The funding /budget (actual) should be given or released to the project for more efficient implementation in order to achieve/meet the project goals and objectives. 2. Soil and water conservation measure and Agroforestry system recommended as one of the sujects in BSAF major in Watershed Management and MSc major in Watershed Management. 3. The project leaders should be aware of specific areas that are prone to soil erosion, open and denuded areas so that necessary soil and water conservation measures such as biological/vegetative and structural can be employed.

35. MAHOGANY, AGOHO, GMELINA, ABOCADO, WATER TANK CORN GUAPPLE COCONUT SALT SALT I

36. Small water impounding dam SALT I

37. Dipalo Watershed

38. picture shows the established fire line located in Amacalan watershed

39. Overview of watershed

40. Newly established check dam

41. List of Acronyms DENR – Department of Environment and Natural Resources GO – Government Organization NGO – Non Government Organization CENRO – Community Environment and Natural Resources Office PENRO – Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office CONDORA – Centre of Northern Development Organizations for Rurban Action CAR – Cordillera Administrative Region SALT – Slopping Agricultural Land Technology UCCP – United Church Christ in the Philippines UWB – University of Wales Bangor UCC – University College Cork IAWM – Institute of Agroforestry and Watershed Management DFBD – Department Food Business And Development DMMMSU – Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University List of document consulted Development Plan Interview with the project leader