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OFRA Research Protocols: Introduction Presented by Charles Wortmann

OFRA Research Protocols: Introduction Presented by Charles Wortmann. OFRA protocols. Legacy data Field Experiments Site selection and characterization Treatment sets and trial design Management Recording Analyses Data sharing and management Extrapolation of response functions

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OFRA Research Protocols: Introduction Presented by Charles Wortmann

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  1. OFRA Research Protocols: Introduction Presented by CharlesWortmann

  2. OFRA protocols • Legacy data • Field Experiments • Site selection and characterization • Treatment sets and trial design • Management • Recording • Analyses • Data sharing and management • Extrapolation of response functions • Enabling ‘extension’ in use of optimization OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  3. Legacy data • Results of completed research works • Diagnostic • Nutrient response • ISFM • Diverse efforts to collect the same • Kenya pre-FURP • CIAT TSBP/Soils • AfNet • Country SH Consortia and IPNI • Some AGRA country projects • OFRA OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  4. Legacy data • OFRA needs urgently!!! • Most urgently diagnostic and nutrient response • Less urgently, other ISFM • Some very substantial: large data sets; published works • Often bits and pieces • Spreadsheet • Plot • Treatment means by trial • Response coefficients • Site information • Re-analysis as curvi-linear to plateau, e.g. asymptotic OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  5. OFRA: EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL-1 Introduction 2 Basic definitions and concepts 3Locations and priority crops/systems 4 Development of an operational timetable OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  6. OFRA: EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL-2 • 5 Site Selection • 5.1 Logistic limitations to site selection • 5.2 Field limitations • 6 “Community-based” facilitators • 6.1 Training of facilitators • 6.2 Remuneration OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  7. OFRA: EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL-3 7 Site Characterization 7.1Trial level 7.2 Block level 7.3 Plot level 7.4 Soil sampling 7.5 Processing 7.6 Label and package 7.7 Appendix 1-3 8 Experimental Design OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  8. OFRA: EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL-4 9 Field Trial Layout 9.1 Maize 9.2Sorghum and pearl millet 9.3Rice, finger millet, teff and wheat 9.4 Cassava 9.5 Pulses 9.6 Intercropping OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  9. OFRA: EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL-5 • Randomized allocation of treatments, construction of fieldbooks, printing of record sheets • Move to computerized methods • e.g. SAS, GenSat, Fieldbook, other • 11 Fertilizer Application • 12 Crop Management OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  10. OFRA: EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL-6 • Crop management • 12.1 Land preparation • 12.2 Pest control • 12.3 Planting OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  11. OFRA: EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL-7 13 Observations and data collection 13.1 Activities 13.2 General observations 13.3 Plot data 13.4 Diagnostic plant samples 13.5 Weather 13.6 Farmer yields 13.7 OFRA standardization is essential!! 14 Data sharing (not yet written) OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  12. OFRA: EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL-8 Appendix 1 Site description for land area of each experiment Appendix 2 Water-stable soil aggregation OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  13. OFRA: EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL-9 Appendix 3 Africa Soil Information Service - Standard Operating Procedure Soil Sample Processing, Packaging, Shipping Plant sample processing shipping OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  14. OFRA: EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL-10 Appendix 4 Treatment structures OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  15. OFRA: EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL-11 Appendix 5 Fertilizer to be applied per plot OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  16. OFRA: EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL-12 Appendix 6 Experiment distribution Avoid excessive distribution of experiments Conduct several trials on different crops in close proximity, where appropriate! Logistics balanced with representiveness!! Appendix 7 AEZ-specific adjustments Modifications of the standard protocol are needed in exceptional cases …… e.g. 20 vs 30 kg N increments for sorghum in harsh environments. OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  17. Standardization!!! • Essential and standard practice for multi- location and year research • Implementation • Pre-determined exceptions • Standardized formats for reporting the results • Current formats likely to be changed eventually OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  18. Standardization!!! OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  19. Standardization!!! • What if we wish to collected additional data? e.g. • degree of damage to standing water, to animal invasion, etc. • Additional observations such as • Yield components • Non-destructive biomass or LAI assessment • Keep standard columns intact • Add columns to the right. OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  20. Standardization!!! • What if we wish to add treatments? e.g. • For additional diagnosis • To study Zn-biofortication • To test inoculum, lime, etc. effect • Keep standard treatments intact • Add treatments to the sequence, e.g. add treatment 17, 18, …. to the standard 16 for non-legumes, but with randomized assignment to plots. OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  21. Maize trials, often 2 varieties OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  22. Protocols will be covered in detail during OFRA-National Team meetings OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

  23. Thank you!! OPTIMISING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS IN AFRICA

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