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Rotavirus – in 4 parts

Rotavirus – in 4 parts. Dr Gaurav Gupta Charak Clinics www.charakclinics.com DCH, DNB, MAAP, MIAP. What are we talking about ?. A disease that affects ALL children before the age of 5 years Responsible for 5 % deaths of all children less than 5 years. Rotavirus Virology – Part 1.

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Rotavirus – in 4 parts

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  1. Rotavirus – in 4 parts Dr Gaurav GuptaCharak Clinicswww.charakclinics.com DCH, DNB, MAAP, MIAP

  2. What are we talking about ? • A disease that affects ALL children before the age of 5 years • Responsible for 5 % deaths of all children less than 5 years.

  3. Rotavirus Virology – Part 1 • Rota – means wheel-like in greek • Double-stranded RNA virus

  4. Rotavirus – this is how it looks!

  5. Are these multiple serotypes important ? NOT REALLY ! Because Natural RV infection attenuates severity of subsequent infections, regardless of serotype

  6. Cumulative probability of rotavirus infection in 200 Mexican infants during the 1st 2 years of life 1.0 1st infection 0.9 0.8 2nd infection 0.7 0.6 0.5 Probability of rotavirus infection 3rd infection 0.4 0.3 4th infection 0.2 0.1 5th infection 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Age (months) * *Complete protection against moderate-to-severe diarrhoea NEJM 1996; 335: 1022

  7. Scary Statistics– Part 2 • Diarrhoea is third largest cause of death in under 5 • Rotavirus are the single most important cause of diarrhoea worldwide. • Annually rotaviruses cause • 5% of all deaths in children • 527,000 deaths • 80% of deaths are in infancy • > 100,000 in India • 39% of childhood hospitalisations for diarrhea Lancet Infect Dis 2007; 7: 56 Wkly Epidemiol Rec 2007; 82: 285 JID 2005; 192(Suppl 1) S1 EID 2006;12: 304

  8. Part 3 - Can we clinically diagnose Rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE)? • High fever and vomiting in a 6 month to 2 year child • Severe vomiting resistant to anti-emetics • Followed by explosive diarrhea, severe with significant peri-anal excoriation • The diarrhea can be mild to severe and generally lasts 3-9 days. Illness usually begins 3 days after exposure.

  9. Part 4 – Preventing rotavirus • Democratic Virus – affects the entire world equally, without differentiating the rich & poor – almost 40 % of hospital admissions worldwide due to diarrhea are due to RVGE. • Hand-washing and sanitation.

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