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Energy

Energy. Hydrocarbons are fuel. Hydrocarbons (compounds with C and H) have energetic bonds. They can react with oxygen to release energy. These reactions are called COMBUSTION. Combustion reactions look like this: C x H y + O 2  CO 2 + H 2 O + energy. Hydrocarbons - numbers. C and H

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Energy

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  1. Energy

  2. Hydrocarbons are fuel • Hydrocarbons (compounds with C and H) have energetic bonds. • They can react with oxygen to release energy. • These reactions are called COMBUSTION. • Combustion reactions look like this: CxHy + O2 CO2 + H2O + energy

  3. Hydrocarbons - numbers • C and H • Named by number of carbon atoms and type of bonds. • C = meth 6. C = hex • C = eth 7. C = hept • C = prop8. C = oct • C = but 9. C = non • C = pent 10. C = dec

  4. Organic Chemistry - bonds • If all bonds are single, compound ends in –ane • Formula will be CnH2n+2 • If one is double, compound ends in –ene • Formula will be CnH2n • If one is triple, compound ends in –yne • Formula will be CnH2n-2 • ACK! That’s too much! What do I really need to know?

  5. KNOW this • Methane is CH4 (natural gas) • Octane is C8H18 (gasoline) • Coal is mostly just C (but contains some H, O, S, N, and trace elements) • Trace elements include Hg, Pb, Se, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Sb, Se

  6. Coal combustion: • C +O2  CO2

  7. Fractional distillation separates components based on boiling point.

  8. Alternative Fuels • brainstorm

  9. World vs US

  10. Alternative sources of hydrocarbons • Hydraulic fracturing • Oil shales, oil sands • Methane hydrates in ocean bottom

  11. Using less energy • Cogeneration • Green roofs, straw bale houses • Energy efficient lighting • Insulation

  12. Using solar energy • Active solar home heating • Passive solar home heating • Solar cookers • Photovoltaic cells

  13. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SBWi3NtND68 (solar lights) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ehDgXrpRlTU (solar water heating)

  14. Other sources • Wind • Tidal/wave energy • Hydroelectric • Biofuels • Geothermal • Hydrogen

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