1 / 14

421-425

421-425. Analyze a primary source document “Black Codes”. . Describe the Presidential Reconstruction Plan for the South. Pick up a handout as you arrive. Quiz :. Mississippi Black Codes (1865). Read the document and highlight or underline

keith-callahan
Download Presentation

421-425

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. 421-425 • Analyze a primary source • document “Black Codes”. • . • Describe the Presidential • Reconstruction Plan for • the South. Pick up a handout as you arrive.

  2. Quiz:

  3. Mississippi Black Codes (1865) • Read the document and highlight or underline • portions of the code that both protected and • restricted the rights of freedmen in the South.

  4. Presidential Reconstruction • President Lincoln’s 10% Plan • Proposed to readmit an ex-Confederate states when 10% of it’s pre-war voters took an oath of loyalty to the United States. • States also had to prohibit slavery in their new constitutions. (Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction (1863). • Pardon to all but the highest ranking military Confederate officers and civilians. • CRITICISM: Viewed as too lenient.

  5. Wade-Davis Bill (1864) • Required 50% of the number of 1860 voters to take an “iron clad” oath of allegiance (swearing they had never voluntarily aided the rebellion ). SenatorBenjaminWade(R-OH) CongressmanHenryW. Davis(R-MD) PocketVeto PresidentLincoln Wade-DavisBill

  6. Federal Reconstruction • PROBLEM?... • No clear plan for reconstruction or how to “rejoin” the • ex-Confederate states into the Union. • Everyone had a different view on how to accomplish it. • Vice-President Johnson (D), democrats and some • conservative Republicans thought there was no need • for a formal process since there was no mention of • secession in the Constitution. • Moderate and Radical Republicans thought the ex- • Confederate states had forfeited all rights. • Neither group held a majority in Congress! • April, 1865 John Wilkes Booth assassinated President • Lincoln (R) bringing V.P. Andrew Johnson (D) to office.

  7. Presidential Reconstruction President Andrew Johnson’s Plan • Seemed well suited for the job… He was the only South-ern senator to remain in the U.S. Senate after secession (Also former Governor of Tennessee). • Granted pardons and restored property rights to Southern-ers who took a loyalty oath.

  8. Presidential Reconstruction President Andrew Johnson’s Plan • Granted pardons and restored property rights to Southern-ers who took a loyalty oath. • CRITICISM: • Plan did not mention voting or • civil rights of former slaves. • Some also viewed it as too lenientand not harsh enough.

  9. Presidential Reconstruction President Andrew Johnson’s Plan • Result: • Democrats in the North loved • it AND Southern Democrats • saw this leniency as a “green • light” to reverse the results • the Civil War! • Mississippi and Texas re- • fused to ratify 13th Amend- • ment. • South Carolina refused to • nullify secession law.

  10. Presidential Reconstruction President Andrew Johnson’s Plan • Result: • South Carolina refused to • nullify secession law. • No Southern state allowed • blacks to vote. • Many congressional elect- • ions returned former Con- • federate leaders to office. • Created “black codes” to • limit freedom of blacks.

  11. Presidential Reconstruction • What did these “black codes” limit?: • Authorities could arrest any • black person who could not prove • employment or residence or were • “disorderly”. • Could be forced labor on public • projects. • Restricted blacks to certain • jobs, excluded them from jury • duty and prohibited them from • having firearms.

  12. How did Congress respond? • Radical Republican Representative • Thaddeus Stevens and Senator Charles • Sumner proposed another plan: • States had to extend suffrage/civil rights before gaining readmission to the Union. • Redistribution of lands to freedmen • Congress passed the “Civil Rights Act of • 1866” which extended civil rights to all • citizens. • President Johnson vetoed, but Cong-ressoverrode it with 2/3 majority. • Fourteenth Amendment guaranteed all men • equal protection under the law. (1866-68) Thaddeus Stevens Charles Sumner

  13. So, who could be disappointed with this? • Supporters of woman suffrage (the vote) • The word “male” was introduced in the Constitution to define who could vote. • Susan B. Anthony had created the • “American Equal Rights Association” • to push for woman suffrage in 1866. • 14th Amendment had little impact at first in the South (until the modern civil rights movement in the 1950s). • Supreme Court decisions in 1870s weakened the amendment. • Even President Johnson openly denounced the amendment. Thaddeus Stevens Charles Sumner

More Related