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The questions based on Input-Output are being the easiest topic in reasoning aptitude.

The questions based on Input-Output are being the easiest topic in reasoning aptitude. The questions based on Input-Output aims to judge how quickly one can identify the rule applied in the arrangement of given Input Line of words or numbers cited as sample.

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The questions based on Input-Output are being the easiest topic in reasoning aptitude.

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  1. The questions based on Input-Output are being the easiest topic in reasoning aptitude. • The questions based on Input-Output aims to judge how quickly one can identify the rule applied in the arrangement of given Input Line of words or numbers cited as sample. • In these type of question students are need to find out the specific pattern in the given arrangement and then determine the desired output step. • These problems are not very difficult but they are time consuming if individual is not aware of the short tricks. • Students can attain expertise in this type of questions through adequate practice.

  2. Some Important Tricks: • First of all, Students should monitor the given Input Line of words or numbers carefully and the last step of rearrangement so that they can identify the changes appeared in various steps of rearrangement. • Students should observe at least two consecutive steps to identify the changes appeared in every step. • At last compare the input, the last step and any one of the middle Steps. It will enable to identify the rule of arrangement quickly.

  3. Input –Output: These are the problems that test your thinking skills. You will be given some input and a machine (its working) using some examples. You have to study this working and accordingly process the data given to you. In the questions related to this topic, you are expected to be the “machine”. You would be told what processing has to be done. You would be given the input, your job would be give the output in accordance to the input.

  4. In the topic of input output there are primarily four types of operation that can be asked in a particular question. The four operations are as follows:1.  Ordering input according to given criteria, e.g. alphabetically, in increasing/decreasing order etc. 2. Mathematical Manipulations on the output which would in this case obviously be numerical. The operations could be doubling, squaring, adding. 3. Shifting or Interchanging positions of characters/alphabets/words etc., in the input according to questions e.g. ‘shift 1st character to last’ or ‘interchange 1st & last’ etc. 4.  Others like making an alphabet capital, replacing alphabet by corresponding number etc.

  5. So, which out of these is being used can be decided as: • If words (of the input) do not change in the output after an operation, the operations is either reordering or shifting. In this case check for rearrangement first, if it is not the operations performed then check for shifting next. • If words (of the input) do change in the output, the operation is either Mathematical (if numbers are used) or fall into category of other operations (if alphanumeric data is used).

  6. Example 1: A computer rearranges a particular input using some operations 01, 02, 03, and 04. Input : I have long waited for your arrival. Step 01: arrival long have waited for your I Step 02: long arrival waited have for I your Step 03: Your waited arrival have for I long Step 04: Waited your have arrival for long I If step 4 gives “I know you will not come back” what step will have “you back I come not will know”?

  7. Solution: Since words remain unchanged here, so this is case of either rearrangement or shifting. So, let us number each word I = 1, have = 2, long = 3, waited = 4, for = 5, your = 6, arrival = 7 Input: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Step 01: 7 3 2 4 5 6 1 Step 02: 3 7 4 2 5 1 6 Step 03: 6 4 7 2 5 1 3 Step 04: 4 6 2 7 5 3 1 So, the logic being following is as follows:- Step 01 = Swap 1st & last; 2nd & 3rd Step 02 = Swap 1st & 2nd, last two & 3rd and 4th Step 03 = Swap 1st & last, 2nd & 3rd. Step 04 = 1st & 2nd, last two, & 3rd and 4th.

  8. Since after two steps operations again repeat and hence you can guess the 5th, 6th, 7th steps. Step 00: I know you will not come back Step 01: back you know will not come I Step 02: You back will know not I come Step 03: Come will back know not I you Step 04: Will come know back not you I Step 05: I know come back not you will Step 06: Know I back come not will you Step 07: You back I come not will know Hence step 07 is the answer.

  9. Directions (Q1-Q4): Study the following information carefully and answer the given questions: A word and number arrangement machine when given an input line of words and numbers rearranges them following a particular rule in each step. The following is an illustration of input and rearrangement. (All the numbers are two-digit numbers.) Input: tall 48 13 rise alt 99 76 32 wise jar high 28 56 barn Step I: 13 tall 48 rise 99 76 32 wise jar high 28 56 barn alt Step II: 28 13 tall 48 rise 99 76 32 wise jar high 56 alt barn Step III: 32 28 13 tall 48 rise 99 76 wise jar 56 alt barn high Step IV: 48 32 28 13 tall rise 99 76 wise 56 alt barn high jar Step V: 56 48 32 28 13 tall 99 76 wise alt barn high jar rise Step VI: 76 56 48 32 28 13 99 wise alt barn high jar rise tall Step VII: 99 76 56 48 32 28 13 alt barn high jar rise tall wise And Step VII is the last step of the above input, as the desired arrangement is obtained.

  10. As per the rules followed in the above steps, find output in each of the following questions the appropriate step for the given input. Input: 84 why sit 14 32 not best ink feet 51 27 vain 68 92 (All the numbers are two-digit numbers).

  11. 1. Which step number is the following output? 32 27 14 84 why sit not 51 vain 92 68 feet best ink a) Step V b) Step VI c) Step IV d) Step III e) There is no such step. Ans: e

  12. 2. Which word/number would be at 5th position from the right in Step V? a) 14 b) 92 c) feet d) best e) why Ans: d

  13. 3. How many elements (words or numbers) are there between 'feet' and '32' as they appear in the last step of the output? a) One b) Three c) Four d) Five e) Seven Ans: b

  14. 4. Which of the following represents the position of ‘why' in the fourth step? a) Eighth from the left b) Fifth from the right c) Sixth from the left d) Fifth from the left e) Seventh from the left Ans: c

  15. Solution (For Qns 1-4): The machine rearranges words and numbers in the following way. Numbers are being arranged from left side with the smallest number coming first and move subsequently so that in the last step numbers are arranged in descending order. The words are arranged from right side as they appear in English alphabetical order. Input: 84 why sit 14 32 not best ink feet 51 27 vain 68 92 Step I: 14 84 why sit 32 not ink feet 51 27 vain 68 92 best Step II: 27 14 84 why sit 32 not ink 51 vain 68 92 best feet Step III: 32 27 14 84 why sit not 51 vain 68 92 best feet ink Step IV: 51 32 27 14 84 why sit vain 6892 best feet ink not Step V: 68 51 32 27 14 84 why vain 92 best feet ink not sit Step VI: 84 68 51 32 27 14 why 92 best feet ink not sit vain Step VII: 92 84 68 51 32 27 14 best feet ink not sit vain why

  16. Directions for Q5 to Q9: Study the following information and answer the questions below it. A word and number arrangement machine when given an input line of words and numbers rearranges them following a particular rule in each step. The following is an illustration of input and rearrangement. Input : 93 come home Over 32 47 now 26 Step I : Over 93 come home 32 47 now 26 Step II : Over 26 93 come home 32 47 now Step III : Over 26 now 93 come home 32 47 Step IV : Over 26 now 32 93 come home 47 Step V : Over 26 now 32 home 93 come 47 Step VI : Over 26 now 32 home 47 93 come Step VII : Over 26 now 32 home 47 come 93 Step VII is the last step.

  17. As per the rules followed in the above steps, find out in each of the following question, the appropriate step: 5. Step 2 of an input is: “Stay 20 90 37 begin 11 home “ Which of the following is definitely the input? a) 209037 begin again 11 home again b) Sky 90 37 20 begin again 11 home c)90 20 37 begin sky again 11 home d) Cannot be determined. Ans: d

  18. 6. Step III of an input is : Take 17 mind game 29 73 18 loud How many more steps are required to complete the sequence? • Two • Three • Four • Five Ans: b

  19. 7. Input: by now 52 32 for 91 20 me Which of the steps will be the last? • III • IV • V • VI Ans: d

  20. 8. Input: fight for all 39 62 25 today 19 Which of the following will be step IV? a) today 25 for 39 fight all 39 62 b)today 19 for 25 fight all 39 62 c) Cannot be determined d) none of these. Ans: b

  21. 9. Input: queen mary 79 62 17 20 green west Which of the following step will be the last but one? • VI • VII • V • None of these Ans: d

  22. Directions for Q10 to Q15: Study the following information to answer the questions given below it: An electronic device when fed with the numbers, rearranges them in a particular order following certain rules. The following is a step by step process of rearrangements for given input of numbers: Input : 85 16 36 04 19 97 63 09 Step I : 97 85 16 36 04 19 63 09 Step II : 97 85 63 16 36 04 19 09 Step III: 97 85 63 36 16 04 19 09 Step IV: 97 85 63 36 19 16 04 09 Step V : 97 85 63 36 19 16 09 04

  23. 10. Which of the following will be the step III for the given input? Input: 09 25 16 30 32 19 17 06 (a)32 25 09 16 30 19 17 06 (b)32 30 25 09 16 19 17 06 (c) 32 30 09 25 16 19 17 06 (d) 32 09 25 16 30 19 17 06 Ans: b

  24. 11. If the step IV is as given below, which of the following was the input? Step IV: 92 86 71 69 15 19 06 63 58 (a) 86 92 69 71 15 19 06 63 58 (b) 15 19 06 63 58 86 92 69 71 (c) 15 86 19 92 06 69 63 58 71 (d)cannot be determined Ans: d

  25. 12. Which of the following will be the last step for the given input? Input: 03 31 43 22 11 09 • IV • V • VII • Cannot be determined Ans: b

  26. 13. Which of the following will be step V for the given input? Input: 25 08 35 11 88 67 23 (a)88 67 35 25 23 11 08 (b) 88 67 35 25 23 08 11 (c) 88 67 25 33 23 08 11 (d) 08 11 23 25 35 67 88 Ans: a

  27. 14. Which of the following will be the last step for the given input? Input: 16 09 25 27 06 05 • I • II • III • IV Ans: b

  28. 15. Which of the following will be the step II of the given input? Input: 82 80 79 99 22 32 50 (a) 99 82 80 79 50 32 22 (b) 99 82 80 79 50 22 32 (c) 99 82 80 79 32 22 50 (d) 99 82 80 79 22 32 50 Ans: b

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