Treaties and Triumphs: U.S. History 1812-1824

1. Chapter 8.2 Pg. 243-252

2. Bladensburg Races • British Offensive in the War of 1812 in which they defeated the Americans at the Battle of Bladensburg and then proceeded to overrun Washington D.C.

3. Treaty of Ghent • Status Quo Ante Bellum

4. Hartford Convention • Convention of Federalists that met in 1814 to come up with new positions for the Federalist Party heading into the election of 1816.

5. Dartmouth College v. Woodward • Limited the power of the states to alter charters for both colleges or businesses

6. McCulloch v. Maryland • “The Power to Tax is the Power to Destroy” States could not interfere with federal institutions. Maryland could not tax the Baltimore branch of the National Bank.

7. Rush-Bagot Treaty • Demilitarized the Great Lakes • Set the framework for the British-American Convention that set boundaries in North America • Improved British/American Relations

8. Adams-Onis Treaty • U.S. gets all of Florida • Texas not a part of the Louisiana Purchase • Limited Spanish claims in the west

9. Monroe Doctrine • U.S. foreign policy in 1823 • 1) America was not open for Colonization • 2) U.S. abstain from European Affairs • 3) Any attempt to colonize in the America’s would be seen as a threat to U.S. security

10. Discussion Question #1 • From 1812-1814 U.S. tried to attack Canada (unsuccessful) • 1813 America took control of Lake Erie, killed Tecumseh • Still unsuccessful in venturing into Canada

11. Discussion Question #2 • By 1814 the British went on the offensive • Napoleon done (more attention to war of 1812) • British forces sailed into the Chesapeake Bay in August of 1814 • Battle of Bladensburg • Burning of D.C. • A few weeks later the British broke off the operation and left D.C.

12. Discussion Question #3 • August 1814 negotiations began between the British and the U.S. • Christmas Eve 1814 signed Treaty of Ghent • Word didn’t get back to U.S. until several weeks after • Most famous battle (Battle of New Orleans) January 8, 1815

13. Discussion Question #4 • Sensing Americans displeasure with Jefferson’s and Madison’s presidencies the Federalists set up a conference in late 1814 • 1) Amend the Constitution to abolish the 3/5th Compromise • 2) Require 2/3rds vote by Congress to declare war and admit new states to the Union • 3) Single Presidential Term • 4) Prohibit successive Presidents from the same state • 5) Bar Embargoes over 60 days • ***War Ended as Convention was going on*** • Federalists seen as “traitors” hurt party

14. Discussion Question #5 • 1) Eliminated the Federalist Party • 2) Convinced the Republicans that the nation was strong and resilient • 3) With Federalist party gone (single political party) the Republicans could now embrace some Federalist ideas • Internal Improvement Projects, Tariff Protection, Rechartered the national bank, American System

15. Discussion Question #6 • John Marshall (Federalists) was perhaps the most important Supreme Court Justice in American History • Made several famous rulings that helped establish the Federal Governments power • Dartmouth College v. Woodward • McCulloch v. Maryland • Marbury v. Madison

16. Discussion Question #7 • 1816-1824 in America • No Wars • Country grew and developed • No real political division • Missouri Compromise • Rush-Bagot Treaty • Adams-Onis Treaty • Monroe Doctrine