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CAUSES (Long Term) WWI (the harsh conditions of the Treaty of Versailles)

Causes of World War II. CAUSES (Long Term) WWI (the harsh conditions of the Treaty of Versailles) Dictators come to power in Germany, Italy, Japan, and the Soviet Union Severe economic problems exist in Europe and Asia. Italy, Germany, and Japan expand their territory.

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CAUSES (Long Term) WWI (the harsh conditions of the Treaty of Versailles)

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  1. Causes of World War II • CAUSES (Long Term) • WWI (the harsh conditions of the Treaty of Versailles) • Dictators come to power in Germany, Italy, Japan, and the Soviet Union • Severe economic problems exist in Europe and Asia. • Italy, Germany, and Japan expand their territory. • The policy of appeasement fails. • Causes (Immediate) • Germany invades Poland. • Japanese attack the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor

  2. WWI (the harsh conditions of the Treaty of Versailles) • After Germany lost World War I, • The winning nations drafted the • Treaty of Versailles. The treaty forced Germany to • Accept full guilt • Pay millions in reparations to • Great Britain and France • Reduce its military forces • Give up colonies and territories (Left to right) The “Big Four”: David Lloyd George of Britain, Vittorio Orlando of Italy, Georges Clemenceau of France, and Woodrow Wilson of the United States, the principal architects of the Treaty of Versailles.

  3. Rise of Dictators Adolph Hitler Der Fuhrer Benito Mussolini Il Duce Joseph Stalin “Man of Steel” Hideki Tojo “The Razor” Japan Soviet Union Italy Germany Axis Allies Axis Axis

  4. Worldwide Economic Depression • After WWI, many European • economies were unstable. • The 1929 stock market crash • in the U.S. and the resulting • Great Depression spread • throughout the world. U.S. • restrictive tariff policies • worsened the depression. • As economies plummeted and • unemployment rose, many • people turned to powerful • leaders and governments • who promised success through • military buildup and the • conquest of territory. After the end of WWII the German Economy was in shambles. The extreme shortage of food lead to bread lines such as this.

  5. Italy, Germany, and Japan expand their territory Italian Expansion German Expansion Japanese Expansion In March of 1938, after the annexation of Austria by Germany (known as the Anschluss), German officers marched into Austria. This change, which was more of an absorbing of Austria into Germany than an equal unification, lasted until the end of the war. Mussolini wanted to build a New Roman Empire in Africa. In 1935, the Italian Army Invaded Ethiopia, then known As Abyssinia. In 1931, the Japanese army invaded resource rich Manchuria. When the Japanese prime minister protested, he was assassinated by military officials. From that point forward, the military controlled the country.

  6. The Policy of Appeasement Fails • Appeasement is the act of • giving into an enemy’s demands • in hopes of avoiding further • conflict. • In 1938, Hitler demanded • that Czechoslovakia cede the • Sudetenland to Germany. He • claimed that the German • population living there was • being mistreated. • At the Munich Conference, Sep. • 1938, Britain and France agreed • to Hitler’s demands, a policy that • came to be known as appeasement. • In other words, they made • concessions in exchange for peace.

  7. Immediate Cause: Germany invades Poland • On September 1, 1939, Germany • invaded Poland. Poland bravely • resisted Germany’s onslaught, • but its army was outdated. The • Polish army rode horses and • carried lances against the • German tanks. • The Germans used a new type • of warfare called blitzkrieg or • “lightning war.” Blitzkrieg • combined several technologies- • aircraft, tanks, parachutes, and • radios- to produce a highly • mobile, fast moving army that • could coordinate multiple • attacks, break through lines, and • rapidly encircle enemy positions. • Two days later, Britain and France • declared war on Germany. World • War II had officially begun! The classic characteristic of what is commonly known as "blitzkrieg" is a highly mobile form of infantry and armor working in combined arms teams.

  8. Immediate Cause: Japanese Attack Pearl Harbor • On December 7, 1941, • Japan attacked the U.S. • Naval Base at Pearl • Harbor, Hawaii. • The result was 8 battle- • ships sunk or damaged, • 188 aircraft destroyed, • and 2403 Americans • dead. • The next day, President • Franklin Roosevelt • asked for and received • a declaration of war • from congress against • Japan.

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