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L03. Burning hydrocarbons

L03. Burning hydrocarbons. Connector: (Grade D) A nswer in full sentences What is a fuel? Name three fuels. What do you consider to be the most important properties of a fuel? What is the scientific word for when a fuel burns?.

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L03. Burning hydrocarbons

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  1. L03. Burning hydrocarbons • Connector: (Grade D) • Answer in full sentences • What is a fuel? • Name three fuels. • What do you consider • to be the most important • properties of a fuel? • What is the scientific word • for when a fuel burns?

  2. A fuel is a substance that contains stored chemical energy. • When fuels are burned in the air (with oxygen) they release heat and light energy. • petrol, wood, ethanol, coal, macaroni, sugar, etc. • A good fuel would release a lot of heat energy with little or no polluting or harmful by-products. • Combustion

  3. BIG picture • What skills will you be developing this lesson? • ICT • Numeracy • Literacy • Team work • Self management • Creative thinking • Independent enquiry • Participation • Reflection • How is this lesson relevant to every day life? (WRL/CIT)

  4. Task 1 (Grade C) • Task 1: Describe what happens when hydrocarbon fuels burn, and how the products of combustion can be identified. Keywords for Task 1: Combustion, Complete combustion Fuel

  5. Combustion Compounds containing H and C are called? fuel Many fuels like coal, oil, petrol, candle wax, and natural gas are called HYDROCARBONS

  6. The products of burning a hydrocarbon to pump water and ice water and ice limewater anhydrous cobalt chloride paper Hydrocarbons are compounds of carbon and hydrogen ONLY. When pure carbon is burned, carbon dioxide is formed and when hydrogen is burned, water is produced. • What happens to the anhydrous cobalt chloride paper? • What happens to the limewater? • Explain the significance of the above observations.

  7. Task 1: Review Go back to your lesson outcome grid and fill out the ‘How I did’ and the ‘Targets’ column.

  8. Task 2 (Grade B) • Keywords for Task 2: • Combustion, • Complete combustion, • Fuel • Carbon monoxide, • Incomplete combustion, • Pollution, • Soot, • Toxicity • Task 2: Explain: • the advantages of complete combustion and link this to the choice of fuels. • The problems associated with incomplete combustion • Task 2: Extension

  9. What makes a good fuel? From the pictures below, choose the best fuel. Explain your choice. Yellow flame, soot Blue flame, no soot Yellow flame, soot, ash (residue)

  10. Summary exercise Fuels contain stored __________ . When fuels burn they react with __________ in the air and give out __________ energy. This is called a __________ reaction. Most fuels contain carbon and __________ atoms. When the fuel burns these atoms react with oxygen to make __________ dioxide and __________ . energy oxygen heat combustion hydrogen carbon water carbon combustion energy heat hydrogen oxygen water

  11. Complete and incomplete combustion + + Oxygen Oxygen Carbon dioxide + + + Water Water Water Carbon (soot) Carbon monoxide Lots of oxygen: Methane This is calledComplete combustion Some oxygen: Methane + Oxygen This is called Incomplete combustion Little oxygen: Methane This is also called Incomplete combustion To get complete combustion the fuel must be burned in EXCESS O2.

  12. The hazard of incomplete combustion Why did the man die? Less amount of available oxygen caused the release of colourless, odourless, poisonous carbon monoxide.

  13. Incomplete combustion

  14. Carbon monoxide Edexcel video

  15. Question

  16. Homework • Homework task: • Due date: • Criteria for Grade C: • Criteria for Grade B

  17. Summary When a fuel burns with a good supply of __________ to form carbon dioxide and water it is called __________ combustion. When a fuel burns without a good enough supply of oxygen and forms deadly carbon __________ (and/or soot) and water it is called __________ combustion. Incomplete combustion can happen in faulty gas boilers if their air __________ vent is blocked. Carbon monoxide is a __________ , __________ , toxic gas. It kills because it stops your blood from carrying __________ . oxygen complete monoxide incomplete intake odourless colourless oxygen colourless complete incomplete intake monoxide odourless oxygen oxygen

  18. Task 2: Review Go back to your lesson outcome grid and fill out the ‘How I did’ and the ‘Targets’ column.

  19. Task 3: (Grade A/A*) • Task 3: Write balanced symbol equations for complete, and incomplete, combustion • Task 3: Extension • Keywords for Task 3: • incomplete combustion • complete combustion

  20. Combustion of methane • Write the word equation for combustion of methane. • Write a balanced symbol equation for the combustion of • methane.

  21. Write the balanced symbol equations for these reactions: +

  22. Extension task Some camping gas stoves run on propane gas. Propane molecules have the formula C3H8. (a) What new chemicals are produced when you burn propane? (b) Write a word equation for the combustion reaction of propane. (c) Write a balanced formula equation for this reaction. (Hint: you will need five oxygen molecules for every propane molecule.)

  23. Task 3: Review Go back to your lesson outcome grid and fill out the ‘How I did’ and the ‘Targets’ column.

  24. Review of lesson – a selection of past paper questions

  25. Question

  26. Can you explain these key words? Combustion, complete combustion, Fuel Carbon monoxide, incomplete combustion, pollution, soot, toxicity

  27. Technicians’ list Demonstration 1 Eye protection Two gas jars of oxygen Deflagrating spoon Two stoppered boiling tubes of hydrogen Dry cobalt chloride paper (blue) Forceps Splints Limewater (corrosive) Charcoal Demonstration 2 Combustion rig

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