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Japan Attacks

Japan Attacks. Japan Attacks. Essential Questions Why did Japan attack the United States? Did Japan achieve her goal(s)? How did the United States react?. Japan Attacks. Japanese Goal

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Japan Attacks

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  1. Japan Attacks

  2. Japan Attacks Essential Questions Why did Japan attack the United States? Did Japan achieve her goal(s)? How did the United States react?

  3. Japan Attacks Japanese Goal Est. the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere (Japanese Empire) to provide the natural resources Japan needed The problem: most of the places in Asia that Japan wanted belonged to European Countries and the US.

  4. Countries of Interest

  5. Japan Attacks Initial Moves Manchuria/China 1930s French Indo-China (Vietnam) – rice basket of Asia – Sep 1940 US responds by declaring an embargo on oil and scrap iron to Japan (80% of oil imports came from US) US sends Lend Lease equipment to China Japan starts planning to attack US/European colonies in Asia

  6. Japan Attacks The Plan Seize US/British/Dutch colonies in a series of swift surprise attacks, IOT gain/secure access to natural resources Where: Malaya (Br) – rubber/tin/bauxite Dutch East Indies (Indonesia) Oil Burma (Br) Oil India (Br) # of resources Problem – US (Britain is fighting for her life)

  7. Japan Attacks The Plan (cont.) US Bases in Philippines (P.I.) – could intercept supply ships from new colonies. US Pacific Fleet in Hawaii will ride to the rescue of P.I.- destroy it HOW????

  8. Japan Attacks The Plan (cont.) 1930’s US war games showed that carrier aircraft could sneak in N. of Oahu – launch surprise attack and sink US Fleet at anchorage in Pearl Harbor British sank # of Italian Battleships at anchor in Taranto (1940) Sneak up on US Fleet and attack, take PI at the same time – overwhelm the US, forcing US to accept the new order in Asia

  9. Japan Attacks The Plan (cont.) Problems: Element of surprise Catch the US fleet at anchorage Shallow water of Pearl Harbor Solutions: Spies Diplomatic efforts Torpedo modification

  10. Japan Attacks IV. The Move Nov 26, 6 aircraft carriers, and 5 submarines leave Japan heading twds Hawaii Other task forces prepare to set sail for the Philippines, Malaya, Dutch E. Indies US Naval Intell issues a war warning on 27 Nov – we know something is up, massive movements of Japanese Naval Units US thinks it is directed at P.I. Malaya, etc. NOT PEARL HARBOR

  11. Japan Attacks US Defensive Preparations FDR moved Pacific Fleet from CA to Hawaii in Apr 1940 – closer to Japan Increased the number of aircraft, patrols, and defense drills Installed/testing radar Lined up US aircraft wing tip to wing tip to protect against sabotage

  12. Japan Attacks The ATTACK (First Wave) Japanese Carriers move into position on Dec 7 – launching 183 planes at dawn 06:45 USS Ward – destroyer sinks IJN midget sub outside of harbor entrance 07:02 -39 Opana Radar Station detects and tracks 1st wave from North 07:50 Attack begins – Wheeler Field (US fighter planes) 0:755 1st bombs fall on Pearl Harbor

  13. Japan Attacks The ATTACK (Second Wave) Follow up on the first More damage inflicted US forces on the ready – more Japanese planes are downed

  14. United States 4 battleships sunk3 battleships damaged1 battleship grounded2 other ships sunk3 cruisers damaged3 destroyers damaged3 other ships damaged188 aircraft destroyed159aircraft damaged2,402 killed1,247 wounded ] Japan 4 midget submarines sunk1 midget submarine grounded29 aircraft destroyed64 killed1 captured Japan Attacks VII. The RESULTS

  15. Japan Attacks VII. The RESULTS The United States Declares War against Japan (Dec 8) Japan achieves a tactical victory Japan is able to rampage throughout the Pacific Isolationism is DEAD Dec 11th Hitler declares war on the United States

  16. Japan Attacks VIII. The MISTAKES US Aircraft Carriers not at Pearl Harbor No Third Wave Oil tanks and workshops not attacked Japan assumed we would roll over and surrender– “We have awaken a sleeping giant” Admiral Yamamoto

  17. Japan Attacks Essential Questions Why did Japan attack the United States? Did Japan achieve her goal(s)? How did the United States react?

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