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Department of Wood and Forest Sciences, Laval University, Quebec (Qc), Canada G1K 7P4

Yves FORTIN* and Aziz LAGHDIR. Department of Wood and Forest Sciences, Laval University, Quebec (Qc), Canada G1K 7P4. Potential of High-Temperature Drying for the Production of Value-Added Products. Quebec. Slovakia. European Union. 2. Aim of work and methods.

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Department of Wood and Forest Sciences, Laval University, Quebec (Qc), Canada G1K 7P4

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  1. Yves FORTIN* and Aziz LAGHDIR Department of Wood and Forest Sciences, Laval University, Quebec (Qc), Canada G1K 7P4 Potential of High-Temperature Drying for the Production of Value-Added Products Quebec Slovakia European Union 2

  2. Aim of work and methods To study the potential of high temperature drying for the manufacturing of value-added products from wood species traditionally used for construction lumber: • Development of drying programs and strategies • Evaluation of drying time, quality of the dried products and energy consumption 3

  3. Aim of work and methods Wood species and experimental procedure Species Dimensions Top loading Drying process (kN/m2) Black spruce (Picea mariana) 50 x 75 x 2400 mm 1.2 & 9.8 HTD White spruce (Picea glauca) 50 x 100 x 2400 mm 7.2 HTD Balsam fir (Abies balsamea) 50 x 100 x 2400 mm 7.2 CTD/HTD ; HTD Tamarack (Larix laricina) 32 x 100 x 2400 mm 7.5 CTD ; ETD ; HTD Trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) 50 x 100 x 2400 mm 7.2 CTD/HTD ; HTD 3

  4. Aim of work and methods Experimental 2.5 m3 capacity kiln 3

  5. Aim of work and methods Typical HT drying schedule 3

  6. Results Comparison of drying time 4

  7. Results Comparison of drying time 4

  8. Results Comparison of drying time 4

  9. Results Warp and grade fall-down 4

  10. Results Warp and grade fall-down 4

  11. Results Effect of sinker heartwood on the final moisture content (FMC) distribution 4

  12. Results Total shrinkage following kiln drying 150 x 75 x 2400 mm black spruce kiln dried to 10% MC 2 50 x 100 x 2400 mm plantation white spruce kiln dried to 10% 4

  13. Results Energy consumption at the kiln 4

  14. Conclusions • HTD has a great potential for the drying of value-added products; • HTD saves time, electrical energy and can help to control drying defects for warp prone species;

  15. Conclusions • HTD must be combined with CTD for species containing impermeable sinker heartwood; A proper strategy of HTD must provide for the use of top-load restraint, presteaming treatment, long equalizing period, conditioning, and a slightly increased green dimension in thickness. The authors thank Mrs. Gordon Duplain, Bruno Girard, Abdelkarim Ben Mhenni, and Javier Chung, former graduate students, for their contribution to this paper.

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